tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-10976858288896134772024-03-17T13:33:29.600+03:00Elimu Asilia'Elimu Asilia' is the Swahili equivalent for indigenous knowledge (IK). It acts as a common platform where National Museums of Kenya (NMK) libraries working with NMK researchers and volunteers interact with local communities and children in the collection, preparation, preservation, sharing, exchange and dissemination of IK on culture, environment, health and history for the memory of our nation for sustainability and eco-social development. For more, please visit http://www.elimuasilia.org.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.comBlogger80125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-81855434412906772562015-04-13T12:52:00.001+03:002015-04-13T12:52:31.670+03:00Kuria and Suba Exhibition Development...<span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; text-align: justify;">The Elimu Asilia team proposes to conduct research in April 2015 and a workshop in May 2015 which will culminate into an exhibition in June 2015 at Kisumu Museum to formally introduce the Elimu Asilia project to two communities, the Kuria and Suba, based in Western Kenya.</span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-24077120295559862912015-03-11T14:14:00.000+03:002015-03-11T14:14:20.656+03:00BI AMIRA MSALLEM AKIZUNGUMZIA HOJA YAKE NA WA KUNGA KATIKA MJI WA LAMU <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiAbKT_17xAOwysQEdquqCdbwYTYLhVLPh0EWVOQm1ZNCYSo981KawC7Mo3d_6MVUnmYr6DUCOUjIl0pg99Ctqniz5tMT8eav_9Iv0lM24Z16AcE895YRlhf7xwlYsu0fmy-puTy3rb6c/s1600/BI+AMIRA.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiAbKT_17xAOwysQEdquqCdbwYTYLhVLPh0EWVOQm1ZNCYSo981KawC7Mo3d_6MVUnmYr6DUCOUjIl0pg99Ctqniz5tMT8eav_9Iv0lM24Z16AcE895YRlhf7xwlYsu0fmy-puTy3rb6c/s1600/BI+AMIRA.jpg" height="148" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">BI AMIRA MSALLEM</td></tr>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 3pt;"><b><br /></b></span><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">BI AMIRA MSALLEM AKIZUNGUMZIA HOJA YAKE NA WA KUNGA KATIKA MJI WA LAMU 14</span><sup style="text-transform: uppercase;">TH</sup><span style="text-transform: uppercase;"> FRIDAY, 2014 KATIKA MAKTABA- RISSEA </span></div>
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<span style="text-transform: uppercase;"><b>(COASTAL RESOURCE CENTRE CRC - MOMBASA)</b>.</span></div>
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Adress: 82412 Mombasa</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p> </o:p>Contact: Cellphone No. 071-089-7228</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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Email: amira2006said@yahoo.com </div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="text-transform: uppercase;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="letter-spacing: 3pt;"><b><br /><br />SAFARI YA LAMU</b><i><o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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Tarekhe ishirini na nne mwezi wa kumi na moja elfumbili na
kumi na tatu niliondoka Mombasa saa tano na nusu nika fika Lamu saa moja za usiku, nikashukiya Sunsail
nikapumzika kitambo cha kwenda kutafuta nyumba niloipo fika kwa mwendani wangu
sihaba nikampata sababu alikuwa safari
na nilipompata akanikaribi na nikaeka mizingo halafu nikenda ni katafuta
chakula cha kujisikiza kwani ulinwengu
huu si sawa kuna matatizo huwezi kumlemeya mtu wa kila kitu.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Amina Musa ana miaka sitini na alizaliwa kipungani na ujuzi
wake alianza na kumzalisha mwnawake bila ya kujuwa alimzalisha mwana mara tatu
bila ya usaidizi wa mtu yoyote lakina alinambiya yakuwa wazee wake upande wa
baba na mama alikuwa ni wahajizi wakandaji watu na huku ni wa kunga na hapo
alipo mzalisha mwana mara tatu akaona afadhali awachane na karai asaidiye watu
kwa kuwapokeya na alipawa kipa baada ya kumzalisha mwanawe na mamake alianza
kumfundisha mambo muhimu maana aliona sasa anaitaka ile shuhuli vile vile vile
alinambiya yakuwa alikwenda hospitali ili atake msaada ya kuwa pakitokeya na
ufundishaji wa ukunga aitwe ili apate ujuzi zaidi na bahati mpaya au nzuri
hakupata ya sirikali bali alipata ya ujarumani na akenda akapata faida zaidi na
wakapawa madawa ya kuzidiya watu yakusanga damu na yakumsaidiya mzazi asiwe na
maumivu na vilevile pamoja na yote atakuwa akiweza kwenda na mzazi wake
hospitali bila ya kupingwa.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<u><span style="text-transform: uppercase;">MATATIZO YA
MADIKITARI</span></u><span style="text-transform: uppercase;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Nilipo muuliza yakuwa jee madakitari
huwa wana waita wakati ya shughuli za
kuzalisha watu ambao hawa husu?
Akasema la! Hawatuiti maana yake sisi huwenda ikiwa mzazi ametushinda na
amechoka hata saini kutiya huwa hawezi
na ndiposa Dr na manasi hushirikiyana wanapo taka kuwafanyiy watu kupasuliwa
wao huwa wakasema kuwa yule
mjamzito ametiya saini na wala
hakutiya saini bali yuko thieta peke yake na hakuna mtu wake hata mmoja wakushuhudiya ametiya saini au
hakutiya.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Sababu ya pili aliotowa bi Amina juu ya waja wa zito nichakula cha
kutiya rutuba huwa hawapendi chakula cha kisawa sawa na huwa hawana nguvu za kutosha za kupija
kite ili za kusukuma na wakati mwengine
huwa ni muoga ndipo yule dakitari hubidi kumpasuwa kwa uwoga wao.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<u>CHAKULA CHA KISAWAASWA</u><o:p></o:p></div>
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SUPU YA AINA YOYOTE<o:p></o:p></div>
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SUPU YA MAGUU YA MBUZI<o:p></o:p></div>
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MBOGA <o:p></o:p></div>
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WALI WAMTAMA<o:p></o:p></div>
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KUKU MAPAPAYO/MATUNDA<o:p></o:p></div>
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Lakini wao watoto wa
sasa hawasikizi mtu bali huwa wapenda kula takataka kama viazi vya rojo, bajiya
ukwajuna vitu vya khamidhi vyote ndivyo wapendavyo na udongo hivyo ndivyo
wapendavyo na hali kadhalika lakini ikiwa umewapa wali au supu au kitu chochote
cha rutba huwa hawana hamu nacho kabisa. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<u>KUPASULIWA OVYO KWA WANAWAKE<o:p></o:p></u></div>
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Nikamuuliza bi Amina habari ya kupasuliwa ovyo ovyo wanawake nikwasababu gani ?
alinipa hoja zake akanambiya yakuwa :<o:p></o:p></div>
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Subira hawana huwa wenda mapema hospitali ndipo wasaidizi ambao ni manasi huwa wakiwatiya
chanda na kupasuwa tupa naunapo pasuwa tupa huwa utungu huwisha na ndipo kisha
huwa wawatiya maji ya utungu na saa nyengine unapo tiwa maji ya utungu huwa
mzazi huchoka akawa hana pumzi ndiposa anapo kuja dakitari huwa akidai mpaka afanyiwe upasuwaji akimmpima atasema ati mtoto amekaa kombo
auhana ndiya ilikusudi ampasuwe naikiwa
hakuna mtu aliyekuja naye au hata
amekuja naye wakiona yakuwa pana utata atajitiya
mwenyewe ili mzazi ndiye ametiya saini
hilo ni la kwanza, lapili manasi hawa
taki mzazi asukume na latatu manansi
huwa wakuwata uchi hawakushughuliki wala hawa kupimi huwa waagaliya sitarehe zao huwa wako nde wazungumza napengine mtoto huwa
amegeuka au yuko mlangoni ukiweta wao huwa wakwambiya bado na tayari mwana huwa
mlangoni mwanamke apija kite cha kuzaa
manasi huwa hawapo chumbani hili piya
la udhi sana na la lanne ambalo laniudhi kwa kuzaa hospitali ni ukisha zaa <u>una
pakuliwa kiuno</u> nikutolewa ile damu ya uzazi ile ukisha zaa mji huwa madakaitari wakupakuwa huwa wa umiza wanawake na wakawatiya ugonjwa na kuwaumiza kizazi . <o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<u>MJI/MUI</u><o:p></o:p></div>
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Nilipo muuliza juu ya mji huwa
mwanaufanya nini wakunga wapo maliza
kuzalisha jee munautupa kama mahospitali
, akanambiya laa! Sisi mji twauhifadhi sana maana mwanzo watu wa zamani
walikuwa wakiuzika na kivumbani na chumvi na kisahani cha sini, kile kisahani
huwa akisha zaa na ushamrekebishiya kila kitu
huwa kile kisahani ni nchako wewe mkunga pamoja na leso naunapo zaa
nyumbani hupawa kata hiyo kata ni ya kuzaliya mshika kovu na anapo sukuma na
huku nyuma una mtiliya nguvu ndiyo hiyo leso ni ya mkunga huwa hiyo ni ada yake.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Mji unathamani sana
katika uswahilini kama kama hauna thamani
haunge hifadhiwa na
unapomzalisha mtu huwa ule mji uko kwenye dhama yetu sisi wakunga tunapo kwisha zalisha huwa
tukisha rekebisha mwana hutukuwa ule mji tukenda tu kauzika. Vile vile nikamuuliza jee ukizaa nyumbani
na hospitali wapendeleya wapi? akasema napendeleya nyumbani maana nyumbani ni
raha huwa wasomewa na kupewa subira na
kufinikwa kisawa hakuna mtu wakuku babaisha na kuingiliwa ovyovoyo kila saa
kutiwa mikono nakuumizwa kizazi na
ukisha zaa hupawa uji wamadawa ya
kuondowa kiuno ni mfuko wa kizazi na kisha huwa wapigwa maji ya moto tini
pamoja na mafuta ya simsim na kuwekwa
kwenye kibao na ukakitwa na ukapigwa
ndani ya kizazi yale maji moto na huku wamregesha kile kizazi ili ile damu
imalizike na huwa yatoka mapande mapande
ukicha kutoka chooni hapo una pikiwa uji wa dawa na kumeekwa kitanda cha usutu
na makaa ya moto chini ya kitanda
kujikanze moto mpaka ukupande kwenye
kitwa basi haitmu wiki mbili huwa ume kauka na hurudi kama mwanamwali bado huja
ingiliwa na huwa ukila madawa kama
manemane, Asalai, </div>
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Tangawizi na Mafuta kutiliwa kwenye kuku vifaranga pamoja na siki ya mnazi au ya mkoma
lakini watoto wa sasa wataka kizungu hawataki kujipiga maji ya moto,hawataki
kufinika nywele, hawataki kujipaka mafuta na
hajui ni adhari kwao ikifika siku saba huwa watoka nde, utaona watoto kama
hao huwa wamefura uso na nasikiya kuna wengine waliowatembezi huwa wakitiya
vitu katika nafsi zao kama ndimu,majano na hali kadhalika hawajui waumiya ndipo
kukawa na adhari nyingi ya kizazi kama alikuwa mzazi yajiona huwa mwanzo uso
umefura huo waitwa ubiti na tumbo huwa ilimefura kwa sababu hawakufunga mkaja
na kusingwa na vilevile maguu huwa yame wafura kwa sababu
hakunwa uji wa madawa na siki na
mafuta maiti pamoja na vifaranga vya kuku hatari nyengine ni mtoto haja pata
siku mbili huwa yuwaonyeshwa kila mmoja hapo huwa wamdhuru yule mtoto na huwa
hana wanda wala hakandwi na kufukiza vifusha hii ni hatari mmoja lakini tufanye
nini watoto hawatusikizi.<br /></div>
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<b>ATHARI YA MTOTO AKIWA KATIKA
ARUBAINI</b><o:p></o:p></div>
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Mtoto akiwa katika arubaini ataka afitwe sio kila mtu ajae umuoneshe huwa ni miko watka umwmbiye watu
amelala nakila usubuhi umpake
wanda ilikumuondowa hasadi na mato mabaya ya watu na kumkanda kwa mafuta ya simsim basi yule mtoto ata lala mpaka
utamsahau lakini sasa huwambiwa ni mambo
ya kiswahili na watoto watiwa mafuta na harufu nzuri ambapo sivizuri kwa mtoto
nimiko usiku akiliya na huwa watu waovu
wamsikiya na huweza kubadilika mara moja
lakini wapi watoto wasasa hawakusikizi
huwata mwana akaliya na zamani
mtoto akiliya usiku huwa akibebelezwa kwa nyimbo ili sauti yake isipande
huimbiiwa hivi;<o:p></o:p></div>
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<b>SILIYE MWANA SILIYEE MATAMU YA KUKU NDIA ZINA WATU
WATAKUSIKIYA</b><br /><br /><o:p></o:p></div>
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Basi huwa mtoto hunyamaza<o:p></o:p></div>
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na uwangaliye ulimwengu ulivyo mtoto akikuwa huwa duko kama
vile wazee wao walivyo kuwa washindani.
akasema juu ya madawa nayo ni<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Saba ya kwanza amabayo yaitwa fungate kikwao huwa mzazi
hunwa uji wa madawa kama Manemane kwa wiki ya kwanza hutiwa kwenye tupa ya maji
na ikawa ndiyo maji yake yakunwa<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Saba ya pili huwa watumiya Tangawizi na Asali na jungu
la moto huwa unakaliya na kufahamiya katika kitanda cha mwakisu<o:p></o:p></div>
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<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->Usubuhi huwa nilazima usingwe uukandwe wiki mbili ndiyo utakuwa sawa .<o:p></o:p></div>
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Na chakula cha rutuba kama vifaranga na mafuta ya simsim na
siki ya mnazi ikitangaywa pamoja huwa
ina nguvu sana katika kizazina mwenyewe mzazi<o:p></o:p></div>
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Asemavyo Amina kuwa wiki mbili huwa mwana mke ashakauka kama
nilivyo sema awali mume akimuingiliya huwa kama mwamzo na mwana mke huwa yu
wangara kabisa arubaini ni ya shaka tuu.
Wasiya wangu ni nawaomba wanawake wawe na subira kwani ukenda hospitali
mapema huwa ukipasuliwa tupa na ukipasuliwa tupa huwa utungu huna tena sababu
tupa huwa inapopasuka huandamana na mtoto na mji pamoja ukiwa utashika haya
basi utafaulundipo wazee wazamani walikuwa wakikwambiya mungu atakuzalisha
patatu ili tupa mtoto na mji<o:p></o:p></div>
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<u><i>JEE UTAFITI HUU UNA MAANA</i><o:p></o:p></u></div>
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Kwa hakika utafiti huyunu una maana kweli maana mambo mengi
ambayo nilikuwa siyajui sasa na yajuwa na unenitowa masikiyo taka kabisa na
vile vile utaweza kutufaa nasisi iwapo sirikali itatupa nafasi ya kuwa pamoja
na kutulipa, na vile vile kutuatiliya huru na upokezi wetu bali wao twataka
waje wasome kwetu.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="text-transform: uppercase;">REHEMA MOHAMMED
BAKARI<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="text-transform: uppercase;">AMEZALIWA MASHEMBANI MOKOWE<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="text-transform: uppercase;">MIAKA: 49<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="text-transform: uppercase;">UYAKETI : WIYONI<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="text-transform: uppercase;">LAMU<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Tarekhe ishirini na sita nilimuhoji Rehema Mohammed Bakari
katika nyumba ya Dr Haroub Mohammed twabibu na mjuzi wa madawa.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Amesema yakuwa ujuzi wake ni kupima mimba, na nimezalisha
takribani watu wapatao mia tatu au zaidi na toka kuzalisha ni miaka kumi
nanane. Nilipo muuliza dalili ya mimba
una itabuwa vipi? Akasema mwezi mmoja tuu mtu huwa wamjuwa katika kipembe cha
uso pili ni kiuno hufunguka anapoketi huwa kimefunuka tatu ni mabubu au matiti
katika kilermbe huwa vikibadilika na bila kutapika au lolote lile huwa dalili hizi mwanaadamu huwa nazo.
Hapo iwapo mama amekuja kunita huwa na msinga kwa mafuta na kumpapasa
tumbo na mwana kama akiketi ubavu huwa na mtabuwa.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<u>MWANAGENDI AKISHIKWA NA
UTUNGU</u><o:p></o:p></div>
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Mamake akinita kwenda kumuangaliyayule mzazi mwanzo humkanda,na kisha ndiyo nikatamtambuwa
yule mwana ameketi vipi matumboni, nikimuona ana tafauti nitamtambuwa kuwa
aweza kustahamili au hawezi ikiwa yuko
karibu na kuzaa jee kuza nyumbani au
mpaka twende hosipital naikiwa ni usiku basi siwezi kumpeleka sababu hospitali
ni mbali huwa namfanyiya na mzalisha mwenyewe<o:p></o:p></div>
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Mwana ikiwa ameketi ubavu huwahawezi kugeuka mwanzo ataleta
bega hawezi kuleta shingo na kimkanda nikimuona kitwa kiko juu na ametiu mui
uko tini huwa wamtambuwa kuwa huyu ata pasuliwa
mmaana desturi kitwa huwa tini/chini katika kubishana wakunga wawili
Amina na Rehema mabingwa wawili<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></div>
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Amina akamwambiya Rehema yakuwa yawezekana mtotoakilala kwa
ubavu utamkanda na utamueka sawa lakini Rehema akampinga Amina akakataa kuwa
aweza kukanda nakumuweka sasa Rehema akamwambiya ya kuwa ikiwa mtoto amefika
miezi mitisiya huwezi kumkanda kalekeya lakini ikiwa yuko miezi mchanga kama
sita saba na nane basi huwezekana
ukamrekebisha. Lakini tabu yangu ni watu
hawaniti mpaka siku zao huwa zimetimu tena huwa ana utungu ndipo wanitapo mimi,
rehema akamjibu yakuwa kuna kupindana ni mara moja lakini kuna kukaa ndiyo
huwezi mpaka hospitali. Amina
akamwambiya ,mtoto huwa azunguazunguka na huwa mamba yapaa na miezi ya tisiya
huwa azunguka mpaka aketi mahali pake ndipo anapo keti vizuri na kisha kutowa
hoja wote wawili ikawa Amina akashindwa na akasema kwa hakika hajapambana na
hoja hizo, akasema Amina yakuwa aliwahi kumuona mzazi alipokuwa amempeleka
mzazai wake kwa dakitari kuwa mwana aliketi upande na dakitari alipo mtiya
mkono na kumpima yule mzazi akamuona yakuwa mwana yuko upande mmoja na dakitari alisema mpaka apasuliwe kisha Amina akasema
iwapo dakitari ametukuwa muda ya kumpima yule mzazi huona hawana ujuzi kama
sisi wapokezi wa kinyumba huweza kumtambuwa mzazi kwa dakika ile ile kwa ujuzi
wetu amina ni mkandaji na ni muhajizi ana ujuzi mkubwa sana kwa dawa za miti
shamba na za utwabibu. <br /><br /><o:p></o:p></div>
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Rehema amesema hivi amezalisha mzazi mtoto akiwa ametoka kwa
kitako au kwa bega lakini piya hangezalisha kwa sababu ya hospitali mimbali
sana ndipo humbidi kumzalisha naye kwa ujuzi wake hashindwi kwa lolote kwa
uwezo wa mungu na radhi za wazee, na apenda kuwaseidiya watu kwa sababu ya
kumzalisha huyo mwana na kuzalisha mui kisha nikamzalisha mwana mpaka leo mimi
ni mgojwa kwa dharubu niliyo ipata.<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Alizalisha mzazi nikamtoa mui mbele maana alipopata
mimba wazazi wake hakunita kwenda
kumpima basi mumewe alipo nitra nikenda kumuangaliya na nikampima mtoto alikuwa kitwa kiko juu na
nilipo weak vidole nikiangaliya mwana yuko juu na mji uko tini na nikaona
nipate usaidizi huyo alikuwa akiketi naye alikuwa ni tongo haoni nikenda
kwajirani naye alipo kuja alikuwa nikumsaliya mtume na kumpapasa na
hukuakimsomeya nikaona ahh haya hayanifai mimi nataka kuseidiwa yeye anisomeya
ingawa kumsaliya mtume ni sawa lakini natak kusaidiwa mtoto alikuwa karibu
nikenda kuangaliya watu wa boti wakawa wamekwenda baharini kuvuwa basi nikaona
hakuna budi sasa nikapaka mafuta na nikatiya glovu zangu nikalekeya kwa mungu,
mwanzo nika sukuma mtoto na alikuwa ashavunda tupa nikakawana naye ikabidi
nimuweke mkono nyuma nikapata kidevu nikakilemeza kile kidevu na kisha
nikamswarifu kidogo kidogo mpaka akatoka na alipo toka mui ukawa kifuwani na
yule mwana alipo toka akawa hana pumzi maana kwa vile kuchoka na pumzi zake
zikawa ndogo na kwambali hapao ni saa tisiya alipozaa na ikawa siwezi kumpeleka
hospitali peke yangu lakini nilipo ona hali ya mtoto yaanza kubadilika
ikanibidi nitoke naye saa hizoo za satisiya nende naye kwa dakitari nikenda
ibnusina lamu na nikampata dakitari Athumani Vae na akaniseidiya lakini
alipomtiya oxygen alikuwa mtoto akuwa na nguvu tena akfariki na nashukuru
niliokowa ruhu ya mama. <br /><br />Usubuhi walie
ambao hawana mahaba nami wakenda hospitali kumtafiti kumpeleka yule mzazi kumuangaliya kuwa
ameumiya au laa, na alipo pimwa akawa hana lolote na dakitari akawambiya sihaba
huyu mkunga amewasaidiya sana lakini kama siyeye mtoto na mama wagekufa na
nawahakikshiya hakuna dakitari yoyote awezaye kumzalisha mzazi ikiwa mji uko mbele na kitwa kiko juu lakini huyu mwana
mke aliweza kuokowa mama na akazalisha mshukuruni sana.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Mzazi wa pili nikaja
nikaitwa kwenda kumuangaliya nilipo mpima
nikamuona yuko tayari kuzaa kukawa hakuna wakati wa kwenda hospital, na alikuwa ameketi na mamake
alikuwa tongo nilipomuuliza taa akawa hana na nilipo mwambiya anipe kijembe
akawa hana na nilipomwambiya nipe pamba akawa hana alghasili hana chochote katika nyumba yake na
hospitali ilikuwa ni mbali na huko
niketiko ni wiyonina mwana ashafika mlangoni nikalekeya kwa mungu nikapija
bismillahi nikamsuka suka na hapo
nikamkumbuka mrehemu mamangu.<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Alivyo niambiya yakuwa mwana akija usirudi nyumatiya mkono
ushopowe kikono cha mtoto nami nikafanya hivyo na nikamshopowa mkono wa kwanza
na mkono wa pili kisha nikamshika kifuwa nikamvuta kidogo kidogo mpaka
akalekeya mlangoni hapo mwana akitoka mji uko kwenye upa. Amira akamuuliza mwanamke kama huyo jee alikuwa kwenye dhiki?
Mwana Rehema akasema laa! Hayo ni miujiza ya mungu lakini Amira hakukubali
akamwambiya wanawake kama hao huwa wapatishwa tabu huwenda ikawa mume huwa
atukana na pengine huwa yuwampiga au jamii ya mume hawaketi naye kwa uzuri hapo
mwana Rehema akakubali maneno ya Amira
akasema maneno yako ni kweli mumewe alikuwa akimponda kila siku na
aghalabu mwana mke akipata maudhiko akiwa katika mimba huwa anapata tabu katika
kuzaa ndipo hufai kumtesa mwana mke kwenye mamba.<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Nimezalisha mwana pata mwenye kusimama kwa miguu na akatoka
kwa miguu, mwana anapo toka kwa miguu mwekeee mkono kwenye kitwa na umshike
miguu kidogo kidogo mpaka maguu yapenduke kisha umlemeze kidevu na ndipo mwana
hulekeya akatoka na mambo haya yote yakinipata huwa niko pweke(peke yangu).<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Mimi mwenyewe nilikuwa na mamba na nilikuwa nimechoka na taka nizae
nanilikuwa nimepitisha mwezi wangu akaja rafiki yangu akanambiya yakuwa amesikiya yakuwa hii zimda ukitiya tini huzaa kwa mara moja
basi nikamwambiya anifanyiye nijaribu hapo nilipotiya hiyo zimda hakupita saa nikenda chuoni nilipo fika
chuoni nikaona nimemwaga maji mengi sana na nikaendeleya kumwaga maji mpaka
babangu wa kambo aliponiona nimelegeya na mamangu alikuwa hayuko yeye akenda
akatwa mkokoteni na akanipeleka hospitali nillipofika hospital na nikawa
naendelya kutowa maji nanilipo kwenda haja ndogo nikawa nimefunga yale mikojo
na nikashikwa na utungu wa kuzaa ikifika saa nane utungu ukanipoteya dakitari
akafanya wasiwasi na akataka kunipasuwa na dakitari akanitowa leba kuniangaliya
na dakitari huyo aitwa Mariga mpaka saa tisiya nikenda nikaoga nikavya nguo
halafu nikamwambiya nasi aitwa Salimu yakuwa mamba hii alonitiya ni mungu
natakaye itowa nimungu mimi kwaheri nenda zangu nikatoka hospitali nikenda
zangu nyumbani. Alhamisi nilitoka
hospitali mpaka alhamisi nikarudi na utungu wa kuzaa na mungu akanizalisha
salama salimini bila ya kupasuliwa vile vile Salimu alikuwako na nikamwambiya
leo ndiyo siku ya mungu kupenda ni zae. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<u>DAWA IKIWA HUNA PUMZI NA
HUKOJOI</u><o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->KAMULI ASWADI<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->AKAMULI ABIYADHI<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->AINI SUUNI<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->HARUDALI<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->PEFU NYEUPE<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->MNAFISI<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->SANDALI<o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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Dawa hizi ni kwa wanawake na kwa
wanaume mwenye mshipa na kwa mwana mke huwa salama kwenye tumbo na huzaa salama
na ikiwa niko mashambani huwa natumiya dawa za miti shamba kama<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<u>DAWA
ZA MITI SHAMBA</u><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->MSWABIINI<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->MTENDA KINYUME<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->MVUMBANI MKUU<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->MNAFISI<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->MTAPAKIZI <o:p></o:p></div>
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<br /></div>
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Dawa hizi ikiwa una pumzi na
huhema basi hutuliza na ikiwa mtu ana mshipa wa kiume basi humtuza, na
ukitumiya kivumbani na sukari kidogo ikiwa mama hakoji hukojowa na akazaa
salama<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
Ukimwanga damu kivumbanni na
mnafisi pamoja pefu nyeupe husangaza damu na hukuzalisha<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .25in;">
Mzazi ikiwa hana pumzi za kutiya
kite ukichukuwa maziwa na glucose hupata pumzi. Twamshukuru Helman kwa
kutufundisha madawa ya kila aina.
Nikamuuliza habari ya mji au mui kwa lafidha ya kiamu, akasema hivii
tukisha mzalisha mzazi na tukisha mrekebisha mtoto basi hutukuwa ule mji tukenda tukauzika kama
desturi yetu mwanzo hutukuwa ule mui tukavisha ule ukuvute na unapo zikwa huwa
wazikwa kwa tani na hutiwa chumvi na ivu kaw jili shetani mbaya asije
akauona. Mji haufai kuwamishwa kwa sababu mwana atakuwa duko( hatosikiya
umwambiyalo), na mwanzo eka chumvi kisha kivumbani na kisha uweke mji sababu ya
mbwa asije kunusa na shetani muovu asije
kuramba na akisha kuramba mwana
hudhurika au mama na ukizingatiya mji na mji haufai kutanganywa kuwekwa
pamoja. Bibi yangu amenambiya ikiwa mji
watupwa mbona ukifa huzikwa na ikiwa umeza pata piya mji watka uwe mbalimbali
hauzikwi pamoja<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><u>MJI/MUI</u><o:p></o:p></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->MJI/MUI TUPA NDIYO MTO WAKE<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->MUI NI GODORO<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .75in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .75in; text-indent: -.5in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3.<span style="font-size: 7pt; font-stretch: normal;">
</span><!--[endif]-->MUI UNA NGUO MBILI HUWA NGOZI NYEUPE MBILI ILE NGOZI HUWA
IMEFINIKA NA YA PILI NA PIYA MWANA AKATI WA KUTOKA MWENYEZIMUNGU HUZIONDOSHA NA
HUWA KAMA HIJABU NA KAMA MWANA MKE NI UPANDE WA SHOTO NA KAMA MWANA MUME NI
UPANDE WA KULIYA NA VILEVILE HUWA NA BERISHITI MBILI, YA KWANZA AKIPASUKA HUWA
NI TUPA NA YA PILI NI MWANA NA YATATU HUWA NI UKUVUTE KISHA ISABU MISHIPA NA
ULE MJI HUWA UMESHIKANA NA MWANA TENA HUWA UKIPELEKA CHAKULA KWA MWANA DAMU
ITOKAO KWA MAMA HUPITA KWENYE MISHIPA IKENDA KWA MWANA NA NDIYO UKAAMIWA HUFAI KULA MADAWA MENGI
HUWENDA UKAMDHURU MWANA.<i><o:p></o:p></i></div>
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<br /></div>
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Amina Musa akasema ya kuwa ikiwa mambo ikawa hupenduka huwa ni
kitu gain? Naye bi Rehema akamjibu yakuwa huwa ni chakula alacho mja
mzito lakini mimi nikimuona mjamzito yuwala udongo humkataza maana si chakula
kizuri huwenda ukamdhuru mtoto kama kunywa maji ya barafu huwa wamdhuru mtoto
huwa na mafuwa ya kila siku pengine na kifuwa kukohowa. Rehema akasema mimi
nilikwenda makadara hospital na nilikwenda kusomeyanilitukukuliwa na Imam
Khalifa na nili keti reef hotel siku kumi na tano kwenda kuzalisha basi sijui
nikawambiye ndani kuna ndoo imewekwa ya mji/mui yatowa harufu sana mpaka
nikaweleza wale wakuzowa mji watu wanapo zaa kesho nikija nikaiona hii ndoo
mutaniona maana ikawa damu imebadilika ikawa yanuka watakosa mabuu na hao ndiyo
wana leta maradhi ya homa na hapa pana
watoto wa changa huwenda wakaambukizwa na ugonjwa. Mwana Rehema akasema yakuwa anasikitika kwa
mambo mengi ya poteya na hatuzinga tii
tunapotupa huu mji khasara tunaiipata kwetu na watoto wetu.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
SADAKA UNAPOMALIZA ARUBAINI<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Zamani tukisha arubaunu huwa twatindiwa na babangu alipo ata watumwa wake huru ndipo
alipo atakutinda lakini huwa yuwasoma maulidi na ndipo mtoto hunyolewa na
ukamkata kucha na hivyo hivyo kucha na nywele huwa za kusanya zikatiwa katika kisahani na
zikazikwa lakini sasa haya yote yamepoteya hakuna tena ndipo mambo hutupata
katika milango yakilasampuli na mambo yote huwa yatupate kwa pamoja .<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
KUMNYOWA NYWELE MTOTO MCHANGA <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Na kila mmoja huwa na mambo yake kama KIMVITA upande wetu wa
baghan Amira amesema huwa siku ya tatu huwa akinyolewa hutiwa nyele mnywozi
katika kisahani na yule mwenye kumnyowa atazunguka na kile kisahani au kibakuli
cha sini kwa kila aliye muhusu yule mtoto kisha zile pesa zitakuwa nizake kama
kupima nywele na halafu yule mwenye kunyowa atatowa sadaka ya mafungu matatu na
atagaanyiza.<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
MwanaRehema akasema lau dakitari atanipa mui wangu
nigefurahi sana maana nende nikauzike mwenyewe niliambiwa kuwa nimakosa kutupa
mji maana mwana atakuwa hasiki atakuwa duko, kama watoto wa sasa walivyo hakuna
mtoto hata mmoja ambaye anasikiya yote haya ni shauri ya mui mwana mwanaada
ameubwa na pande la damu na leo sisi mama ndiyo tuna makosa lakini twaandama
magharibi na twapoteya kwa umagharibi mwingi.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p><br /><span style="text-align: center;"><br /></span></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
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<o:p><span style="text-align: center;">Submitted By</span><span style="text-align: center;"> : FATMA MANSOOR</span></o:p></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Gungsuh; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"> <b>COASTAL RESOURCE CENTRE</b> </span>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-9180356407866678512014-09-15T12:04:00.000+03:002014-12-05T10:45:21.918+03:00Indigenous Knowledge in Quail harvest out beats the commercial Quail egg farming<div style="text-align: justify;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxwRx9USLihKoAk1fe3tqcs6xYPnnfL1r833tuYYvnsr_zEOVCNf25Y6E7drxznV1jLCjNteOEwivNpboOTFxN59qqBF2oS5Oyki23N0trQIR9TNxmFDAQlABuL6EJyX5nvAjg9Wk922c/s1600/quail1.jpe" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxwRx9USLihKoAk1fe3tqcs6xYPnnfL1r833tuYYvnsr_zEOVCNf25Y6E7drxznV1jLCjNteOEwivNpboOTFxN59qqBF2oS5Oyki23N0trQIR9TNxmFDAQlABuL6EJyX5nvAjg9Wk922c/s1600/quail1.jpe" height="142" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Quails</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
Kenya is one of the richest countries in the
world in terms of bird species diversity and richness. This is due to varied
habitats types and the fact that the country boarders with unique species of
birds that cross boundaries to feed and breed in Kenya. <br />In the past three year,
some species known to occur and breed only in Uganda and Tanzania have recently
crossed boarders and are now breeding in Kenya. <br /><br /><br />Key example are the Magpie
Shrike from Tanzania, Rufous-tailed waver from Tanzania and Weyn’s Weaver from
Uganda. The other factor is that due to varied habitats and unique geographical
features like the Great Rift Valley, the country hosts a lot Eurasian migratory
species.<br />
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Kenya has also a richer cultural and ethnic
diversity as result of different groups of people migrating in the country from
other African countries. These groups have evolved with nature and developed
unique affinity with nature for nature. They
value both plants and animals for medicine food and protection against evil
spirits and misfortune. Among the Samburu and the Kalenjin communities, birds
are featured lot in male circumcision preparations. Candidates go out in the forest and bushes to
hunt for the most beautiful birds, among them starlings. They sin the birds
very carefully and are left with the skin and all feathers. Each boy can
collect as many as twenty different species of birds with different colours.
The birds are arranged into a necklace with birds arranged well in
colours. One must be well conversant
with hunting techniques and where to get the best collections, because
different birds are adapted to different habitats, and they behave differently.<br />
<br />
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The
Luhya Community living in western part Kenya has had a strong affinity to both
domesticated poultry. Both wild quails and indigenous chicken have formed part
of livelihood of the community. Chicken is featured in most of their cultural
activities and beliefs. </span><br />
<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiq3wrO1EL6wppXRtcuVbGeiIpHwYNeQnAWXV-dM-yzqBwOkKe_kEjBrYNlgpdtzkmm7_8z2COPKsHRWRTnRBVoFc3lk3V0yE6vXiow40A1mD2MUoamTdFe-GHlySM4voHgIwZ0pYocqI0/s1600/hen.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiq3wrO1EL6wppXRtcuVbGeiIpHwYNeQnAWXV-dM-yzqBwOkKe_kEjBrYNlgpdtzkmm7_8z2COPKsHRWRTnRBVoFc3lk3V0yE6vXiow40A1mD2MUoamTdFe-GHlySM4voHgIwZ0pYocqI0/s1600/hen.jpg" height="148" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Traditional Hen</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Different
indigenous chickens have different play different cultural functions. For
example the traditional chicken with rose on the body (makuti) was used in
cleansing ceremonies to apiece gods. Some chicken found roaming wild were
believed to have been given to those who transported a dead body to destination
of burial, family members gave them a chicken as the transporter left the </span>compound. The chicken was thrown along the
roadside so that evil spirits would not accompany. It was very interesting that
such chicken survived very well in the wild and could not join other
domesticated chickens. Traditional spiritual prayer people were given white
chicken and after offering prayers to community members. Boys were circumcised
at ages between 12 and 15. They took a one healing month in seclusion in a
forest around fig tree with sponsors or a leader who would teach them family
norms and practices. Circumcision is a rite of passage. It was therefore
believed that such initiates would be allowed to take some adult
responsibilities in the community. Such responsibilities were as leaderships
and marriage responsibilities.<br />
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj_JAUCJvpr30d0C8NOtiuyCiPk9Ruy5FARb4ymVGlihTeKBR80lwtAZIXr0kNdOGKW-zAefneVFw6qC8QGkwUBIRavj2P9Z6ZgUEfQt45gWvAaWJWBxl32nU7GKgbI-Wx-5CfkkQT79M/s1600/cock.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj_JAUCJvpr30d0C8NOtiuyCiPk9Ruy5FARb4ymVGlihTeKBR80lwtAZIXr0kNdOGKW-zAefneVFw6qC8QGkwUBIRavj2P9Z6ZgUEfQt45gWvAaWJWBxl32nU7GKgbI-Wx-5CfkkQT79M/s1600/cock.jpg" height="150" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Traditional Cock</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
They were also allowed to feed on some special
parts of the chicken deserved only for adult males. For example, only married
men were allowed to eat chicken gizzards. The gizzard from single chicken was
not supposed to be shared between two people. This would cause tensions and
even fights. Ladies were not supposed to eat eggs. They were preserved for the
men and children. Any type of ceremony was not was not complete without chicken
meat served with brown ugali from finger-millet and sorghum.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">In this community,
different people had specific responsibilities in a society. Such
responsibilities ranged from black-smith, hunters and gatherers, medicine men,
mid-wives, and those who specifically. Hunters and gatherers crawled in
undergrowth of Kakamega Forest searching for mushrooms, dropped seeds and nuts,
fruits, duikers and forest hogs.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
Quails are grouped in the same family with the
francolins, spurfowls and the stone patridge. Quails are the smallest of the
group with extremely shorter tail. They are found hidden in grass and rarely
fly, unless flushed out. It arrives with the onset of rains. The calls are so loud that they attract other
from far distances. Females reply in response to males. They form trails inside
tall grasses and hardly fly longer distances. The Harlequin Quail <i>Coturnix delegorguei </i>referred to as <i>Isindu </i>in single and tsisindu in plural
by the Luhyia community living around the Kakamega tropical rain forest in
western Kenya is the most common and preferred for food. They are intra-African
migrant found also in southern and eastern part Africa. The males like other
species of birds have pretty loud and rapid calls that are continuous.<br />
<br />
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEF6hY3JD3FFodcWpe3NH6r8k43Iv6f6kKb7Wxypt8wOywowAu8upetQscQ7AVC_RkdfLXqc_y0pdTK2An9K2EvbB20MiaTs-O61HGWqtoZaTVpWnBw0a7lgArVCyBvEFEciTzwKPJIq0/s1600/quails3.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEF6hY3JD3FFodcWpe3NH6r8k43Iv6f6kKb7Wxypt8wOywowAu8upetQscQ7AVC_RkdfLXqc_y0pdTK2An9K2EvbB20MiaTs-O61HGWqtoZaTVpWnBw0a7lgArVCyBvEFEciTzwKPJIq0/s1600/quails3.png" height="200" width="179" /></a></div>
Quail hunters make use of the loud calls to lour
quails in their traps. The traps are usually snares made from the threads or
hair of the cow’s tail. The hair is tied across the quail path or trails in the
grass. To trap the quails, a four meters long strong stick is planted in the
ground at the harvest/hunting site. Three quarters high, small cylindrical
woven baskets are hanged on the stick and the stick is bending like bow to the
ground. Live male quails are put inside the baskets. The quails will sing
inside the baskets as they attract other birds from a distance to the snares on
the ground in the grass. It is amazing how many birds the hunters can easily
trap as the birds in the baskets continue to call. After the harvest, birds are
killed and smoked dry to preserve them ready for the ready market. Local
hotels, food kiosks and local buyers have a test for these birds and therefore
the market is always available. <br />
<br />
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4gErjUU7hyphenhyphenDCgRAh3Qcn6acjlzUgAEfwM2ZOKSUbuR26zrLRBixUOD_2lAIo3W7nXrCESQvezhqtLpVyOhTqEUHtI-MpjXEyePyTGF_dn1xSEBwONjJvM2zLXNiL40RilSTrDILEsAew/s1600/Quail.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4gErjUU7hyphenhyphenDCgRAh3Qcn6acjlzUgAEfwM2ZOKSUbuR26zrLRBixUOD_2lAIo3W7nXrCESQvezhqtLpVyOhTqEUHtI-MpjXEyePyTGF_dn1xSEBwONjJvM2zLXNiL40RilSTrDILEsAew/s1600/Quail.png" height="147" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Quail Farming</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
The past two years quail farming was a flooded
market in the Nairobi because of its eggs. The eggs were thought to contain
medicinal values. Due higher demand in farming, the supply of eggs was much
higher than the demand, hence creating low interest in more farming. On the
other hand the demand for smoked birds continued at the local in Kakamega County.
<br />
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Conservation of wild grasses especially in the
open glades of Kakamega Forest is to the key for the conservation of the
habitats for quails. Since quails are only trapped specialized people in the
community, their sustainability is assured. Because this person knows exactly
when the birds are arriving and when to collect them and where to the market
is. However with the present situation of climate change, which has resulted in
shift in rain patterns, hunters may also have to adapt to the situation with
some alternative focus. Indigenous knowledge has always has always played a
vital role in the local livelihood and when used sustainably, it can lead to
sustainable conservation of the natural environment natural resources.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span><b style="text-align: center;"><i><br /></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="text-align: center;"><i> Research is still ongoing….....</i></b></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
<b>Story by: Titus Imboma</b><o:p></o:p></div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
Research Scientist<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in;">
National Museums of Kenya<o:p></o:p></div>
<div align="center" style="text-align: center;">
<b><i><br /><o:p></o:p></i></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<o:p></o:p></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-7104146713030015442014-08-07T15:18:00.000+03:002014-08-07T15:18:30.784+03:00 Mushrooms and the Iteso, Western Kenya<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; padding: 5px 0px;">
This is a fleshy spore bearing fruiting body of a fungus typically produced above ground on soil or on its food source.</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; padding: 5px 0px;">
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">English name:</strong> Mushroom</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; padding: 5px 0px;">
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Scientific name: </strong>Agaricus bisporous</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; padding: 5px 0px;">
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Local name</strong>: Ebale (Ateso)</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; padding: 5px 0px;">
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Different types of mushrooms:</strong></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; padding: 5px 0px;">
Russula cellulata(white mushroom) in their early stages of growth as shown below.<br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-8eggBSKrK60kQVESHXUFb26R9LfGMCPMzKCeIXEOUeriYzeN1fA0M2nV3ZdNmmB4DrRe3Iufmw9AXbKuO-oooRrOyHtTgaZqFl-WCEUhwoS6N3Izg0ogAxydVaSTPQgITZL52L6y7RA/s1600/russula+cellulata_white+mushroom.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="background-color: transparent; clear: left; display: inline !important; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-8eggBSKrK60kQVESHXUFb26R9LfGMCPMzKCeIXEOUeriYzeN1fA0M2nV3ZdNmmB4DrRe3Iufmw9AXbKuO-oooRrOyHtTgaZqFl-WCEUhwoS6N3Izg0ogAxydVaSTPQgITZL52L6y7RA/s1600/russula+cellulata_white+mushroom.jpg" height="238" width="320" /></a><br /><br /><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px;">Lactarius densifolius mushroom ready for harvest as shown below.<br /><br /><br /></span><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy1Dhlm2vbLyxd53Z3ousUwO2Z_LOlqlv0Jomp0W2WqpZADxC4hhM2HB-ns-fK1rIquCkJ3IR-QgcrinLxx7MhHnFPWPLnOrpxlcsD0WHeoczbLoCCd5SLq_zQLAEGFEv14irgAJBx2WM/s1600/mushrooms_ready_harvest.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="background-color: transparent; clear: left; display: inline !important; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy1Dhlm2vbLyxd53Z3ousUwO2Z_LOlqlv0Jomp0W2WqpZADxC4hhM2HB-ns-fK1rIquCkJ3IR-QgcrinLxx7MhHnFPWPLnOrpxlcsD0WHeoczbLoCCd5SLq_zQLAEGFEv14irgAJBx2WM/s1600/mushrooms_ready_harvest.jpg" height="236" width="320" /></a><br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">During the rainy season especially in April, the Iteso of western Kenya are always happy and eager to get the local delicacy of mushroom stew. During this season, most school going children are tasked with the responsibility of picking the mushrooms in the plantations as this delicacy grows naturally. Most of the pupils absent themselves from school so as to pick the readily available source of protein in exchange for money i.e. either for sale or for their families’ consumption. Not only is this task vest upon children alone, their parents also participate in the picking. It’s normally picked early in the morning so as to get a bumper harvest. As the saying goes, ‘the earliest bird catches the worm’, hence the early morning picks.</span></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; text-align: justify;">Mushroom Picking:</span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwmxGLmtBYvuGaO65z8EcvHzMlyBqC9JLrz7oRjn0iANxfdBDSbZgc6TIU9okST1fX9uKGYV74INLJw5tkUIBxNPMXhUrYQndGu8KYV0pPlx_uvfk4ef5xTZejWOZSr_wJCTFFlzIs5SE/s1600/picking+mushrooms.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiwmxGLmtBYvuGaO65z8EcvHzMlyBqC9JLrz7oRjn0iANxfdBDSbZgc6TIU9okST1fX9uKGYV74INLJw5tkUIBxNPMXhUrYQndGu8KYV0pPlx_uvfk4ef5xTZejWOZSr_wJCTFFlzIs5SE/s1600/picking+mushrooms.jpg" height="241" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: start;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"><span style="background-color: white; font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px;">Emmy Makoha and John Masika picking mushrooms</span></span></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">In Teso land, they only pick the edible mushrooms as others are poisonous. They pay no attention to the identification of inedible mushrooms. Some people however described to me presumed characteristics of poisonous species such as a slimy face, bitter taste, bad smell, the prescence of a ring or brown spore dust. Some people pick only those mushrooms which they see monkeys eating, assuming that they are also safe for humans. When going to pick the mushrooms, one has to have a basket and knife. When picking the mushroom from the ground, you first cut off the soil from the base of the stipe. If you put mushrooms with soil in your basket, the soil will drop between the gills of the other mushrooms in your basket, then you’ll l have a lot of washing to do at home.<br /><br /><br /><br /><div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Preservation:</strong></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">The most common method of preservation among this community is drying in the sun. The sun makes a very effective dryer. The drying does not kill the micro-organisms on mushrooms but makes the substratum so dry that they enter a dormant phase. After drying, they become very hard.</span></span></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /></span></span></div>
<div style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Drying Procedure:</span><br style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;" /><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1.<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre;"> </span>Cut into slices about 1/2cm thick and spread loosely on to a mat .To ascertain if they are dry enough, they should make a snapping sound when breaking them.</span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2.<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; white-space: pre;"> </span>Dried mushrooms are then preserved in a container with a cover to be protected from moisture.<br /><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">NB</strong>: Dried &preserved mushrooms will last until the next mushroom season &can be used after soaking in a small amount of clean water and the same water used in the cooking so as to utilize the nutritive elements that dissolved in the soaking water.<br /><br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisDUESqd7ZcMg4dOU6tYecR2oGwFPuEMBaw7b20r3K9Y8XdiIyDOs-u0cI-4YU4MhZfVsazMpJXwZu0rxJymx-LcEWAQ28PKJTFU440wWThtH7FI4vhHXJbyQKufZmZYKxeUhCxYKvhac/s1600/dried+mushroom+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; display: inline !important; font-size: 12px; line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEisDUESqd7ZcMg4dOU6tYecR2oGwFPuEMBaw7b20r3K9Y8XdiIyDOs-u0cI-4YU4MhZfVsazMpJXwZu0rxJymx-LcEWAQ28PKJTFU440wWThtH7FI4vhHXJbyQKufZmZYKxeUhCxYKvhac/s1600/dried+mushroom+1.jpg" height="366" width="400" /></a><br /><br /><br />Dried Mushroom<br /></span></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiPN3-TAbWTT7QrEeknNmr2PLPF6695VXmN1HZTVCG7CEO_SbB1-IFBo276BcMW01A42uzjtlpDyof9kJNp-bE60ED3OakI-BBqQ6htghDdfhqmUzakdytybFbtvd9-m8jO6fm6DAfMFo/s1600/dried+mushroom2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhiPN3-TAbWTT7QrEeknNmr2PLPF6695VXmN1HZTVCG7CEO_SbB1-IFBo276BcMW01A42uzjtlpDyof9kJNp-bE60ED3OakI-BBqQ6htghDdfhqmUzakdytybFbtvd9-m8jO6fm6DAfMFo/s1600/dried+mushroom2.jpg" height="301" width="400" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; text-align: justify;">Dried Mushroom ready for cooking<br /><br /><br /></span><div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Mushroom Stew Preparation:</strong></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Ingredients</span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1. Onions</span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2. Tomatoes</span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">3. Mushrooms</span></span></div>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">4. Cooking oil<br /><div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="text-align: left;">5. Salt</span></div>
</span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioUTtnqguCGT45k8mVfbtSZRIYQYIfmSqC5HC8nyUwSmlG1OrxI1kTE66Ze2cNN1a6fcmVdw48nZe6qweDF-KYkIX4QHx3RqpnC4ctb3np0CmPTH4n_NWO3Q6zG7oq5H4X1GTHVsJqLIk/s1600/cooked+mushroomnew1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioUTtnqguCGT45k8mVfbtSZRIYQYIfmSqC5HC8nyUwSmlG1OrxI1kTE66Ze2cNN1a6fcmVdw48nZe6qweDF-KYkIX4QHx3RqpnC4ctb3np0CmPTH4n_NWO3Q6zG7oq5H4X1GTHVsJqLIk/s1600/cooked+mushroomnew1.jpg" height="281" width="320" /></a><br /><br /><br /></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: left;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Steps:</strong></span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">1. Take about the same amount of onions, tomatoes and mushrooms.</span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">2. If the mushrooms are fresh, cut them into small pieces, if dry, no cutting is required since they are already in smaller pieces.</span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">3. Cut onions and tomatoes into different bowls.</span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">4. Heat the oil</span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">5. Add the onions to the heated oil until golden brown.</span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">6. Add tomatoes to the sufuria until it’s cooked</span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">7. After about 10 minutes, add the cleaned and chopped mushrooms to the sufuria and cook for another 30minutes so that the tomatoes and onions form a thickened stew</span></span></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">8. Vegetables e.g. kunde can be added to the stew according to availability & one’s like<br /><span style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">9. The stew is eaten wit</span></span><span style="font-size: 12px;">h brown ugali, boiled cassava or boiled bananas</span><br /><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMjzj4vzGCVyCaiXquKq8ga2El0zkU_MTl9MzQMi_1ukEnHsIDugE6Zn-MPgsS1xMn_mLVvoMiz_SbuhQQ8xLpG_oLldMNRoqKa5zvGLpG8RBBUCpZAirVY_ldlVT0LiXx3pf-eV5IKUk/s1600/cooked+mushroom+new2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMjzj4vzGCVyCaiXquKq8ga2El0zkU_MTl9MzQMi_1ukEnHsIDugE6Zn-MPgsS1xMn_mLVvoMiz_SbuhQQ8xLpG_oLldMNRoqKa5zvGLpG8RBBUCpZAirVY_ldlVT0LiXx3pf-eV5IKUk/s1600/cooked+mushroom+new2.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiLpN4iE94Ik99Q8PvSohY0jPE1BNArSSqHegqsKZuGZlYxvuucTqtOeHZL75mUPngRxzrEAyF5QAQEdWYvbGMtdK0Y0P2iZkb5WLt3jQcHidMeB2mI5t7umX6yIO-pEB-O3kW2U0NED4/s1600/ready+mushroom2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiLpN4iE94Ik99Q8PvSohY0jPE1BNArSSqHegqsKZuGZlYxvuucTqtOeHZL75mUPngRxzrEAyF5QAQEdWYvbGMtdK0Y0P2iZkb5WLt3jQcHidMeB2mI5t7umX6yIO-pEB-O3kW2U0NED4/s1600/ready+mushroom2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"> </a></div>
<div style="font-size: 12px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<span style="font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Mushrooms are the richest source of protein and are suitable for human consumption. They </span><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">contain 31-40% of proteins. The percentage of protein is much higher than in cereals, </span><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">pulses, fruits and vegetables. The proteins of mushrooms contain all essential amino </span><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">acids and their quantity is higher than in the egg. They are the good source of iron. </span><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">Mushroom contains minerals like calcium, potassium, sodium and phosphorous, and </span><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">vitamins like B, C, D, and K. Mushroom contains niacin, which is ten times higher than </span><span style="font-size: 15px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-align: justify; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="font-size: 15px; text-align: justify;">any other vegetables. Mushrooms make an excellent food for diabetic and heart patients.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiLpN4iE94Ik99Q8PvSohY0jPE1BNArSSqHegqsKZuGZlYxvuucTqtOeHZL75mUPngRxzrEAyF5QAQEdWYvbGMtdK0Y0P2iZkb5WLt3jQcHidMeB2mI5t7umX6yIO-pEB-O3kW2U0NED4/s1600/ready+mushroom2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiLpN4iE94Ik99Q8PvSohY0jPE1BNArSSqHegqsKZuGZlYxvuucTqtOeHZL75mUPngRxzrEAyF5QAQEdWYvbGMtdK0Y0P2iZkb5WLt3jQcHidMeB2mI5t7umX6yIO-pEB-O3kW2U0NED4/s1600/ready+mushroom2.jpg" /></a></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihLLDnOU2b5UTYUszOm1qsnf0uETXMEyqrDVWbqLKOvv55om1MZabJJNOmux8_kSAA-Z9aoRFVU3o8E_DTnDiEif-XTG1_PwWFOGTjn-oYlefS6yu_09Whe5CtZo5ZvIC7CJJO5CdM5VY/s1600/ready+mushroom1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihLLDnOU2b5UTYUszOm1qsnf0uETXMEyqrDVWbqLKOvv55om1MZabJJNOmux8_kSAA-Z9aoRFVU3o8E_DTnDiEif-XTG1_PwWFOGTjn-oYlefS6yu_09Whe5CtZo5ZvIC7CJJO5CdM5VY/s1600/ready+mushroom1.jpg" /></a></div>
</span><br /><br /><div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Story Prepared by:</strong></div>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Evalyne Namuju</strong></div>
<div style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">
<strong style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px;">Library Assistant-National Museums of Kenya - Main Library.</strong></div>
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></div>
</span></span></div>
</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;"><br /></span></div>
</span></div>
<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></span></span></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-79486854909534883392014-08-04T10:21:00.000+03:002014-08-04T10:21:03.948+03:00Kalenjin Dowry Ceremony<div style="text-align: justify;">
When the groom identifies a girl he will
first go and tell his parents and the parents will inform the elders of
the community. The elders will go deep into the family lineage and see
if they have a relationship or have a common ancestor. If they have a
relationship or come from the same clan they will not marry because it
is considered as a curse by the ancestors.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The groom elders/father will go to the
bridegroom’s home and seek for permit to talk to the family elders. When
they agree on the marriage proposal the bride’s clan elders will ask
from the groom’s family. <span style="line-height: 1.3em;">After one
week they will come with the groom for a show up. On that day they will
come with two sheep and two goats. After a long discussion the groom
will be teased by the bridegroom’s aunts. The bride’s family will be
blessed by the bride groom’s family while the bridegroom will be blessed
by the bride’s family.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The groom elders will ask for the date
of the wedding when they agree for the date the groom family will go and
prepare the wedding and it is usually after two weeks. The bride groom
was not allowed to be seen by anybody who is not her family member.</div>
<strong style="line-height: 1.3em; text-align: justify;">The Wedding Day</strong><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
On that day the bride groom will go to
the groom’s home with her family and clan elders. The bride groom will
be taken to the special hut that has been made and decorated by the
groom only.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Meal Preparation</strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The meals were prepared by both sides.
The groom’s family will prepare the following delicacy: bull’s meat,
sheep, goat and the sour milk. The bride groom’s family will only
prepare ugali made of millet flour mixed with sorghum, cassava and maize
and a special type of beans which is white in color. <span style="line-height: 1.3em;">The
groom and his clan elders will slaughter the animals without even a
single drop of blood on the ground. The bride groom will then cook ugali
for the whole family without any assistance and then go back to the
hut. The groom’s family will prepare the meat.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Purpose of Preparing the Meal Together</strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The bridegroom and the groom’s family will share things and unite in case of any problem. <span style="line-height: 1.3em;">When
the groom and the clan elder slaughter the animals, blood should not be
poured down that means their love will never break. </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">When
the bride groom prepares the ugali, she shows that she loves and cares
for the family waiting for her and this shows that she will care for her
husband.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Preparation of Sour Milk (Mursik)</strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
First they will need a calabash and then
make a bottle from it. After making the bottle they will then decorate
using beads (sonoey) this bottle (soret) will be passed from one
generation to another.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
From time to time during wedding,
initiation or funeral ceremonies they will use the bottle (soret). The
bottle will be washed using a special wood called (siitett) this process
is called siit and the siitett will produce sour taste ash (tei).This
ash is used to speed the milk process of being sour. They will then put
the milk for four days before the wedding day. On the third day they
will remove the sour milk and then siit to kill any micro-organism that
will cause diseases, and then the milk will be good to drink.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>The Ceremony</strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
After the preparation the bridegroom
will be given food by groom’s mother and locked up there for the rest of
the day.The bridegroom’s family and the groom’s family will eat in the
same table but men will sit on one side and the children and women
together. They will eat while talking.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
They call it a day after eating and the final drink will be for the elders’ from both communities. <span style="line-height: 1.3em;">The
drink (mursik) will be poured in the ground and the rest drunk from the
same bottle. That must be done during the right before realizing the
groom to see the bride.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
After the celebration one last ritual
must be done before releasing the dowry , the groom will be taken by the
elders to the hut. The elders will leave the groom to spend the night
together. The groom was supposed to make love to his wife to see if she
is a virgin. Early in the morning the elders and the bride groom’s
family will come and see if their child is a virgin. If so the groom’s
family will release the dowry and some two or three cows for the mother
and a sheep.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
If the girl is a virgin the dowry was
paid in half and the other half will be taken every year to promote
family unity. The bride’s family were given twenty sheep, twenty five
goats, five bulls and seven cows in exchange with their girl. The
ceremony will end with songs and dance.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Story Prepared By:<br />Caroline Jeptoo and Joyline Njeri<br />Ruaraka High School</strong></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-87598064963150944012014-08-04T10:15:00.002+03:002014-08-04T10:15:40.725+03:00Kamba Marriage Ceremony<div style="text-align: justify;">
In Kamba culture, the parents were the
ones who chose girls for their boys for marriage. When mature, the
parents examined the girl before accepting her in the family.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Before the marriage a special ceremony
was conducted. The groom and his kin had to throw an important party
known as “ntheo” which was the minimum threshold that demonstrated that
the bride officially belonged to the man she was engaged to. This ritual
is very strict such that when a woman whose husband is yet to throw the
party dies, she could not be buried by her husband no matter how long
they had stayed together and if he wishes to bury her, he would have to
go through the ritual.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The groom had to bring at least three
goats where one is a he-goat which is slaughtered. The kamba people
believe that as the blood spills to the ground the bride and the groom
become officially joined that very moment. The two then share a piece of
soft meat as an oath that they will keep the covenant.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
From there the two are free to hold a marriage ceremony whether in Christianity or traditional way.<br /></div>
<div>
<div>
<strong>Story Prepared by:</strong></div>
<div>
<strong>Onesmus Mutiso, F<span style="line-height: 1.3em;">aith Mutheu and </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Josephine Kamene</span></strong></div>
<div>
<strong>RUARAKA HIGH SCHOOL </strong></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-60306492361670311542014-08-04T10:09:00.001+03:002014-08-04T10:09:57.785+03:00Tiriki Traditional Marriage Ceremony<div style="text-align: justify;">
Amongst the tiriki, a luhya sub tribe,
traditional marriage practices occurred after the boy and the girl had
decided to get marryies. Both parents were informed about their decision
and if they were okay with it, the marriage arrangements would start
immediately.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
First they would set a day for the dowry
discussion and later they would celebrate and may be the boy would be
allowed to take his wife before the dowry was brought or denied to take
the bride until the dowry was brought.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
On the day of dowry discussion, the
groom came to the girl’s home accompanied by his parents, uncles and
friend. He was accompanied by his uncle because they represented the
parents even in the case where one or both of the parents had passed on.
On the other hand the bride was hidden and the parents could attend
the meeting alongside with the aunts and the girls friends.<br />
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
When the meeting was still going on some
relatives and some friends of the bride’s family would be in the
kitchen preparing a meal that both families and would share if they
reached to an agreement. The traditional meals that were prepared
included, chicken, beef stew, ugali and busaa (a traditional brew among
the abaluhyia).</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
When the meeting would be almost over
and they have reached an agreement, the girl could be brought in the
open and would happily be accepted by her groom, then the meeting would
be called off and the celebration would start. After the celebration had
ended, the in-laws were supposed to have gone by six o’clock. The boy
would be allowed to go with the bride before the dowry was brought and
they would be packed for some foods by the bride’s mother to the
couple’s, in a basket that would be returned later with some food stuffs
for the bride’s mother.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>NB</strong>: Usually the bride price was not brought in full so as to cement the relationship of the two families.<br /><br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Story Prepared by:<br /><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Silvia Khatetsia, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Hadija Ashuma, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Yvonne Jeiza,</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Salome Macreen and </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Rose Ondeche<br />Ruaraka High School</span></strong></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-60266709253463553742014-07-30T16:29:00.000+03:002014-07-30T16:37:14.354+03:00Luo Traditional Marriage Ceremony<div style="text-align: justify;">
After the bridegroom and the bride have
decided to get married, they both discuss the matter or give the news to
both parents. If both parents have agreed with the plan they then get
together for the preparation with the help of some elders and in- laws.
While in preparation dealings, they both discuss about the bride price
they normally give a bull and a cow also they give out a goat.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
The bride price is not paid as a whole so that it can cement their
relationship .The bride should not prepare food for the groom’s family
or the in-laws the same applies to the groom’s family. The bride’s
family is the only one who is supposed to prepare the food. It is said
that the bride should not be around the cooking area or within the
compound.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The bride’s mother should prepare
chicken “Gweno” and other meals are also included example are cow’s meat
“ring dhiang” whereby the cow should be slaughtered on that day. The
people who were preparing food are the ones who are involved with
serving the groom’s family.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The groom’s in –law/ family should not
stay at the bride’s house till 6:00 pm since it may end up bringing
conflict between the two families.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
After that, the bride and the bridegroom
are given five weeks to prepare for the wedding ceremony. It is said
that the girl should be placed in the house for three days before
marriage. The locking of the girl is to ensure that the girl is fully
prepared for marriage.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
After the three days the bride and
bridegroom are supposed to spend the night together, the reason to that
is to confirm whether that she is a virgin by the grandmother “Dani” and
the news is spread to both the in- laws when they meet again.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Now the girl is handed on to the
bridegroom family so that the ceremony can continue whereby it may be
the last since she has been handed over.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Story Prepared by:<br /><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Sharon Atieno, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Fiona Achieng, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Quinter Anyango, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Viona Akinyi, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Quinter Achieng,</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Levina Anango, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Queen Aoko, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Phoebe Adhiambo, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Ann Atieno, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Sharon Adhiambo,</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Lavender Achieng, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Belindah Nereah, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Lavender Mewa and </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;"> Meldon Awuor<br />Ruaraka High School</span></b></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-43604385739353009202014-07-30T16:27:00.000+03:002014-07-30T16:27:25.014+03:00Luhya Marriage PracticesAmongst the luhyia community, we have several sub tribes they include the Tiriki, Bukusu,Wanga, Idakho, Maragoli e.t.c<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 1.3em;">However,
all these sub-tribes have similarities and differences in the way they
conduct their marriage ceremony. That is for the tiriki and wanga the
boy would catch the girl while she is either going to fetch water or
firewood and the other sub-tribe some would lock up the girl in their
rooms (isimba) and then wait for the following day to go and report to
the girl’s parents that they have their sheep (girl) at their house.</span></div>
<span style="line-height: 1.3em; text-align: justify;">After the girl
has agreed or the parents have agreed to marry, they would all arrange
for the traditional marriage including the dowry. On the day of the
marriage ceremony to take place there will be a meeting from both
families to organize how they will take the girl if they had reached to
an agreement of the dowry, however, if they had not reached to an
agreement there will be no marriage that would occur until they have
agreed for them to do so.</span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
On the other hand on the day of the
ceremony the groom would come to the home accompanied by his parents,
his friend and even his uncles, it involved his uncles because if
anything happens to the groom’s father and a problem arise to the
marriage the uncles will act as the parents while the meeting is going
on. The girl’s family that is the parents, friends and aunties they
choose aunties because of the same reason as the boy’s uncle. The girl
will be hidden while other relatives will be preparing some traditional
foods for example ugali, chicken and busaa (a traditional brew).</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
After the meeting is over and both
families have agreed the day the dowry will be brought they may decide
to allow the boy to go with the girl or disagree. They will all
celebrate for the wedding and before 6 pm. The in- laws were supposed to
have left. The dowry (discussed number of cows, sheep or goat) would be
brought on the agreed date.<br /></div>
<strong>Story Prepared by:<br /><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Silvia Khatetsia, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Hadija Ashuma, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Yvonne Jeiza,</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Salome Macreen and </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Rose Ondeche<br />Ruaraka High School</span></strong>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-83038371984678143002014-07-30T16:21:00.000+03:002014-07-30T16:21:30.542+03:00Kikuyu Traditional Marriage Ceremony
The Kikuyu culture is a well known cultural group that is
predominantly found in the central highlands of Kenya. Customarily,
marriage proceedings often began with the man proposing to the woman.
After she agrees to be married, a series of events will follow. The
bride to be approaches her parents and informs them of her intentions of
marrying. The parents then enquire about the man’s background e.g. clan
from which he comes from, this is to ensure that there is no cross
marriage between family members. The groom also breaks the news to his
parents and does the same. After that both parents of the lady and the
man meet to negotiate and set a date for the payment of dowry, this is
strictly done between elders. On this day the first things to be taken
by the groom’s family were a he- goat and she- goat which has not yet
given birth. The male and female goats were known as mwate na hareka.<br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Dowry payment is a series of events namely:-<br /><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">1.</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Kumenya mucii</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">-</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">getting to know the brides home.</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">2.</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Kuhanda ithigi</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">-</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Literally means planting a branch of a tree</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">3.</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Kuracia</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">-</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Actual dowry payment</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
On the set the bride- to- be and her
relatives do all the cooking for example mukimo cooked with stinging
nettle (thafai), chapatti , black beans (njahi) and bunch of bananas
(mukano), while on the other side the father and young men relatives
roasted some meat while waiting to receive dowry. This is called ruracio
, a feast where the groom and his family bring the dowry at the bride
–to –be home and show up at about 1pm. On the arrival the groom’s family
will find the gate closed. This is a sign to show that they must sing
their way in. Then the bride -to -be and her female relatives welcome
them in with songs and dances. After settling in and before any eating
the bride to be is taken away by her fellow female in-laws and
relatives, there she is given some advice meanwhile the groom starts (
kuhanda ithigi) planting a branch of tree which symbolizes that the lady
has been booked by the groom. He then starts the payment process
together with his parents and elders to the parents of the lady and
their elders.<br /><span style="line-height: 1.3em;"><br />The dowry could be:-</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">1.</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Goima </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">– </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">fattened ram</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">2.</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Thenge</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">-</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">He goat – this could be from 99 of them onwards depending on the negotiation </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">made
because for example in Kiambu, one has to take 120 goats and 20 cows,
after that two more goats are slaughtered
(kugurania). In this each, meat part had a specified person to take it. </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">3.</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Mori </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">– </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">heifer </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">4.</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Njohi ya uuki – </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">beer made from honey for the elders as a sign of respect.</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">5.</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em; white-space: pre;"> </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Cows</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
If the groom didn’t bring all the
required dowry negotiated earlier he is expected to remember to finish
his payment, failure to do so spells dishonor to that family.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
After this the bride- to -be is finally
recalled and becomes a bride. They all happily feast and eat together.
The bride’s family then gives some items to the bride to carry to their
home such as kyondo – weaving basket, ciihuri-calabash, lesos, nyungo-
pot, mukwa –new rope, a blanket and bed sheets for the bride’s mother,
handkerchiefs for the sisters and honey for preparing “muratina” (beer).</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
As the bride leaves with the groom the
bride’s parents then wait to do the last process which is itara- getting
to see the nest or nestling place of their daughter.</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<strong>Story Prepared By:<br /><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Grace Njoki, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Elizabeth Gitau, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Eunice Waithira, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Beatrice Nyambura,</span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Rachael Njeri, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Eddah Njoki, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Jane Wanjiru, </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Pauline Wangari and </span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">Victoria Warue<br /></span><span style="line-height: 1.3em;">RUARAKA HIGH SCHOOL</span></strong></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-30035112232877499282014-07-30T15:57:00.002+03:002014-07-30T15:57:24.101+03:00ITALIAN TRADITIONAL MARRIAGEAccording to Italian traditional marriage, when a man wanted to ask for a woman’s hand in marriage, he had to speak to the bride-to-be’s father. Once the father agreed and both the families were fine with it, presents of acceptance between families were exchanged. These could be home items and so on. It was customary for the prospective groom to place a diamond ring on his bride-to-be’s middle finger before the engagement was announced and later on after doing a small engagement party a wedding date is set, though they were not to marry in the month of May and August. Since the month of May was dedicated to Virgin Mary because all Italians belong to Catholic Church. August instead was considered to be the month of sickness and bad luck. Most couples were getting married on Sundays as it was considered a lucky day.<br /><br />During the wedding day a white ribbon above the church entrance was tied. this shows that a union was taking place in the church. The bride and the groom to be used to walk towards the altar together symbolizing the journey of marriage.<br /><br />In those days the brides were to wear green gowns symbolizing fertility or a long white handmade gown. Neither the bride nor the groom was to buy wedding rings. It was to be bought by the wedding testimony couples as a gift and a sign of commitment to the new couple, also there was no dowry payment but both families of the groom and bride divided the wedding ceremony expenses equally. This is carried out up to today.<br /><br />After exchanging vows as the bride and the groom walk outside the church door, rice was thrown to the newly wedded couple as a sign of prosperity both in wealth and children. It is also kept till now. After taking some photos in the church, doves were released as a symbol of love and happiness. The doves could be bought by either friends of the wedded couple or family relatives. Then they all headed to the reception which was to be in a restaurant, never in the open air. Once through with the eating and some show dances, a toast had to be made. No wedding could be without a toast; they were to do so with a half filled cup of white wine. They then used to toast “Hurray for the newlyweds!” (Evviva gli sposi).<br /><br />Presents were then given to the newlyweds by members of the family and friends. The bride’s family used to give towels, bed sheets, pillows and bed covers, they were to be all in white as a sign of marriage and beginning of new life together. A golden necklace was given by the groom’s family to the bride as a sign of acceptance. This brought the end of the ceremony. As the guests walked out the groom and the bride gave each of them confetti. These are packed sweet-like colour white put in a small silk cloth together with some coins – sign of richness, rice-sign of many children and a ceramic small angel –sign of God’s love and protection.<br /><br />This was given as a thanksgiving to the ones who attended the wedding and their beginning of a new life as a couple. Up to today some of these traditions are still kept.<br /><br /><br /><br />Story Prepared By:<br /><b>Elisa D’Andrea</b>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-88794322383228065142014-05-14T18:44:00.001+03:002014-05-14T18:44:04.006+03:00Elimu Asilia - Mahojiano ju ya Historia ya Kiswahili<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="344" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/iBB_9A6QFlU" width="459"></iframe>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-39356888420090753442014-05-05T14:02:00.000+03:002014-05-05T14:02:17.466+03:00NGOMA ZA KIPOKOMO<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiguD0abIpvxQRrX0LOf1iH9PBYYxErUHs7xOxx5klDH11IxTim40Fm7FCrwUl6PTogLhqhzLEM0i0udNnvEfiRm03BKBcgxo0ZD79QlEmQi_4NWD42RsWnXoSESmip4tET0G_zwSEV3UE/s1600/5.1.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiguD0abIpvxQRrX0LOf1iH9PBYYxErUHs7xOxx5klDH11IxTim40Fm7FCrwUl6PTogLhqhzLEM0i0udNnvEfiRm03BKBcgxo0ZD79QlEmQi_4NWD42RsWnXoSESmip4tET0G_zwSEV3UE/s1600/5.1.png" /></a><span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;"> </span></span></span></div>
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">MAJ.
RTD SWALEH ODHA</span></span></span></div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiguD0abIpvxQRrX0LOf1iH9PBYYxErUHs7xOxx5klDH11IxTim40Fm7FCrwUl6PTogLhqhzLEM0i0udNnvEfiRm03BKBcgxo0ZD79QlEmQi_4NWD42RsWnXoSESmip4tET0G_zwSEV3UE/s1600/5.1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="color: black;">
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<span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 14.0pt;">CELLPHONE
NO:</span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 16.0pt;">
0721 308 594</span></span></span></div>
<span style="color: black;"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Email: </span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">odhaswaleh@yahoo.com</span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;"> </span></span></a>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt;"><a href="http://www.mphokomundokom.com/"><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">WWW.mphokomundokom.com</span></span></a></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">P.o. Box 87440-080100</span></span></div>
<span style="color: black;">
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 18.0pt;">Kiembeni Estate – Mombasa</span></span></div>
<span style="color: black;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiguD0abIpvxQRrX0LOf1iH9PBYYxErUHs7xOxx5klDH11IxTim40Fm7FCrwUl6PTogLhqhzLEM0i0udNnvEfiRm03BKBcgxo0ZD79QlEmQi_4NWD42RsWnXoSESmip4tET0G_zwSEV3UE/s1600/5.1.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;">
</a></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />UTANGULIZI:</span></u></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%;"></span></u></b></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">
<span style="font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%;">Mila
ni kiungo muhimu katika maisha ya mwanadamu. Kwenye kunga ya maendeleo, mila
ilipachikwa miongoni mwa elimu, dini, afya, ulinzi, ukulima na mazingira; yote
yakiwa chini ya mwamvuli wa nguzo ya kijamii, mbali na kiuchumi na kisiasa.
Kati ya viungo vyote hivyo mila, ndiye uti wa mgongo na kidhibiti mwendo cha
jamii duniani. Hivi kwamba jamii ilipaswa kuendeleza sera yake kijamii kwanza
ndipo itambulike kiuchumi na kisisa. Mfano ni Uchina, ilipata jina kisisa baada
ya kumiliki barabara ukulima. Japan na teknolojia viwandani kwenye sera za
kushindana kukuza vipawa viliwafanya wenyeji kuwa matajiri kiuchumi. Milki za
Uingereza na sera zao za utawala wa dunia ni mfano tosha wa kijamii. Marekani
haikubaki nyuma kwani kila mielekeo yao ya muungano wan chi hamsini ziliipa
nguvu nchi nzima kwa ujuzi tofauti tofauti. Kama mzungu alizunguka kutalii ili
aendeleze utafiti wake , naye mwarabu vile vile aliishi kwingi kuzabuni ili
biashara yake inoge; biashara ni kitengo cha uchumi lakini tabia yake si siasa
bali ni kunga ya kijamii. Kwa jumla, mtu kuendelea kwa vyovyote vile ni sharti
mila. Na hivyo basi bila ya mila, pana ila. Ndiposa kauli ya ,’Mwacha mila ni
mtumwa’’ ikaja. Mtu mathalani hakupiga kura kuzaliwa </span></span><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
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<br />
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">alipozaliwa. Na pindi ukizaliwa Mpokomo huna tena hiari ya
kuchagua eti ugeuke na uwe Mkamba. Upende au usipende huna budi, utabaki kula,
kuvaa, kufurahi, na kuhuzunika.<br /><br /><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u> </u></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">NYIMBO
BILA NGOMA:</span></u></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mpokomo pia yuko na mila zake. Aliimba na kucheza. Aliimba
nyimbo za furaha na za huzuni pia, kwa sababu nyingi tofauti tofauti. Kwa
mfano, Mpokomo aliiimba <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Gassa/Kittoko</i>
bila ya ala yoyote ile ya muziki, Aliimba bila ya kucheza na akiwa chini kitako
au kalala chali, hakusimama wima. Alikiimba <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">kittoko
</i>hicho aidha kutahadharisha kwa mfano (Jihadharini-Mende), Kejeli kwa mfano
(Ningali Kijana-Mende), Mapenzi kwa mfano (Together- Dr. Niko)na Hamasa kwa
mfano (Wanawake wa Ndera- Ise Viera). Nyimbo za aina hii huimbwa wakati wowote
hasa usiku. Na washiriki ni waume akiwepo mwana dada fulani pengine bibi wa
mmoja kati ya waimbaji tena mraibu wa nyimbo kama hizo. Hapa ni furaha tupu.
Kwani nyingi wa nyimbo hizo ni tumbuizo sana mume kumuimba mwanamke akimsifu,
akimsibu na kmuumbua watu wasikie urembo au ila yake muumbuliwa huyo pasina
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir8ClwJbZxq4MbgpBlV7uZDFOxJdnygdsP51hjZNtJUWGffpx4NoS9JNfpPP72UTFWcs-baQDlbm4yYtL4IK5CKpMhzCxFiWo27beqK__SLAnZJ9AegZIpdNsUqWRwgtJc1Z1aq46TFtY/s1600/1.1.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEir8ClwJbZxq4MbgpBlV7uZDFOxJdnygdsP51hjZNtJUWGffpx4NoS9JNfpPP72UTFWcs-baQDlbm4yYtL4IK5CKpMhzCxFiWo27beqK__SLAnZJ9AegZIpdNsUqWRwgtJc1Z1aq46TFtY/s1600/1.1.png" height="240" width="320" /></a><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kkosa
ya Dani</span></i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ni mchezo wa watoto wa kipokomo ambapo ngoma haikutumika.
Michezo mingine ni watoto wa kike mingine ya kiume na mingine iliwajumuisha
wote. Mfano : <br /></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Majjilingao-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto wanaposhikana makundi mawili wakipishana, wanapita kwa watoto wawili
walioshikana mikono wakiweka mtego wa kunasia<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>huku wanaimba usiku;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Haijjafiiko? He! He! e!</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Majjilingao
ho ho lingo, majjilingao kittattafule.</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">-Ngao ya mabombwe, fumo
ddyakuttora.<br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mpesi-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto wanapoketi chini na kufanya dori, miguuni pana kitambaa kinazungushwa
huku na huko kushoto kulia na nguo imefunika gubi gubi mwanzo wa kiuno
kukiimbwa usiku;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mpesie,
mpesi karitto, ikiya wenye bbabbaa.<br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Kode-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto wa kike wakichimba kishimo ardhini na kuweka mawe. Hurusha moja juu
huku wakitoa na kusukuma zingine ndani kulingana na hesabu ya anayecheza bila
ya kuimba.Mchezo ni wa mchana.<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Tteba-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto hasa wa kike wakichora miraba ardhini kiasi cha wachezaji. Kipande
cha mawe hutupwa kinyumenyume na kikiangukia chini ni,’tteba’, mchezo huanza
kwa kurukaruka kutumia mguu mmoja mchana.<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Pofu-Pafle-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto wakifukuzana majini aidha mtoni au ziwani. Ni wimbo alafu mbio
wakipiga mbizi,mbio na kachombe kwa wimbo na kushangilia hasa nyakati za
mchana;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Pofuo-Pafle, Ddya mama- Ee, Aniaggiye-Ee,Ddyakwe!<br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Kinu
Kya Hawito-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo wa watoto nyakati za usiku
wanapojilaza kwa amri ya mmoja wao, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ngalingaliee!</i>;
Wanalala macho juu, wakinyoosha mwili mzima:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Kinuo kinu kya Hawito,kya mchelechele
bbwoya bbwoya. –Mwezie-ee! Ee!,mwana chingicha mwana e mwana chingicha.</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">-Chiko chikoo! Haya.<br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Fiche
(Rare)-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto kufumba mkono nyuma migongoni na kuwambia wenzi wao watambue
walichoficha kuwa kikulia au kushoto.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Chio-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto usiku wakifukuzana kwa zamu huku mmoja kafungwa kitambaa cha macho
asione na kwa nyimbo;- <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Amfu kattuttu-
ttuttuya, Nije ne fumo nije ne ttora? Njo ne fumo. - Chio kafwe macho, chio
kaona.Huyo mhangaisheni huyo.<br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Msupepe-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto wa kupesapesa miguu hasa wanawake wakichuchumaa wawili wawili huku
wamegeukiana wakiimba na kupigapiga mchanga kwa mikono yao yote;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">
Msupepe mchanga moto kwauona.</i></span></div>
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<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
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<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Kinamddabbe-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto wakikimbizana ndani ya maji, nje na kwenye nyumba inayojengwa, hasa
nyumba ya miti miti.Mmoja anafuata mwingine amguse huku wakiimba;<br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span>-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> Kinamddabbe, unakyo-anakyo.</i>Mbio…..!<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Akosee-
</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto mchana kwenye dori hasa wanawake. Wanapokezana viguguta<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>wakiimba;- <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Akosee nyaa zipho hamkuna mongo wa nyama.</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">- Hoo hohoo Maramba kachi mwayano maramba. - Mamo niphe yukombe nikadye
marikka nyamo.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>- Kkosao mfunyeni kakosa.<br /></i></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Tandaule-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto wakinyoosha miguu wakikaguliwa kwa nyimbo;-<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br /></span>-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mosia tandaule nyota kwa mlima
katiti simbanyo naiya kwa ngombe bburanyinga ho!.Ngombe zenu bburungale kwa
jili kwa ngombe. Mwananimbwa bbwa, maddindye ho, mwananimbwa bbwa!</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br />-Moja na
moja tandaule kwa magguyu ggwanya ggwanya, madindye hoo mwana nimbwa bbwa bbwa
bbwa!</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><br />-Koko
kokoya na malugga sangarse mumina. Mumino washindi shindi kajja waddoddo
rubbesa. Abbo, kalimaddo, manguddo, ttalabba.</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><br /><br />-Bbocha karara, magguyu
chingicha, maneno mabaya, ttumbaku na nusu, nusura fwe!</i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <br /> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">-</b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Dangulo dangulo, he ntanta
yuwa, he yuwa yuwa mai, he mai mai kulotta, he kulotta kulotta simba, he simba</i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">simbaegguru, he gguru gguru kongwe, whende
kwa vironda.<br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Kwa
nyingi nyingi- </span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Watoto bado wakiwa kitako na miguu yao
wameinyosha. Mwenye kuhisabu na aliye kiongozi anapitisha mkono na kuitingisha
kofia ya goti.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> <br /> </span>- </b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Kwa nyingi nyingi kwa nyingi
nyingi,kona unazimbika seggera unga, kuko kumbika kumbuka kwa nyingi nyingi. -
Nkuruttume nyade, saanga nyade.</i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">-
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Dangalola-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Huu
ni mchezo kama kinamddabbe, watoto hufukuzana kwenye uwanja bila ya kwenda
mbali. -<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Daanga loola-Samakia. Daanga
loola- Samakia. Hasina nampata- kwampata. Hasina nampata-kwampata.<br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Addirise
kiguyu-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo wa watoto usiku wakishikana kwa pamoja na kurukaruka
kwa mguu mmoja huku wakiimba;<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">- Addirise
kigguyuo e nangere, addirise kigguyu ajjeanisehe nangere.</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">- Mwanahajjuyu ggoneyea keso maggura
haonana.<br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mwaraggidde-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">
Mchezo wa watoto wakiwa chini kitako. Makundi mawili wamefuatana kwa mlolongo
na kiongozi wao akimlenga kwa bunda la nguo amchukue kila anayempiga.Wengine
wakijificha nyuma ya mgongo, huku wanaimba;<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">-
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mwaraggidde- buu, mare hekaani-hekaani<br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Piropiro-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mchezo
wa watoto:<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>-<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Piropiro chamara, asiduna nayawe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>-Ggoromicho ee! Micho, koonde na konde <br /></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Kwangure
mongo-</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";"> Mchezo wa karibu kumalizia michezo wakati wa usiku watoto
wanasinzia ishara ya, ‘twende tukalale.’ Mistari ni miwili na kila kalabba watu
wawili hutawanyika na kutoka mistari yao upande upande na kwenda kwao;<br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"></span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">-
Kwangure mongo, haya. Mwanangu kalabba kalabba, haya.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br /></span>- Mwanahajjuyu ggoneyea keso maggura haonana.</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ngware
</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ni
nyimbo za Kipokomo za dini kwa ndugu wakristo hasa wa chini- (Milanchini) Tana
Delta. Huimbwa pia bila ya ngoma. Na sana, ni katika kusherehekea siku kuu ya
Krismasi na mwaka mpya. Huimbwa usiku wa kuamkia tarehe moja Januari na
washiriki ni wake kwa waume. Mfano wa nyimbo ni (Nilekeze Pwani) na
(Naikurubia).<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mattalili</span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">huimbwa bila ya ngoma na ndugu
waislamu wakati wa kuomboleza mtu akiaga na kabla ya kuzikwa. Wanawake
huizunguka maiti ikiwa kitandani na hata wakiwa nje ya nyumba huku wakilia.
Pindi mtu akifa iwe usiku hadi mchana mpaka azikwe, basi ni nyimbo tu za<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>huzuni.<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Himatta</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ni
nyimbo mashambani wanawake au waume wanapokutana kwa kulimiana. Ni jembe
nyimbo. Mfano (Kirura Ami Saduna Kirura).<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Funya</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ni
nyimbo isiyo na ngoma kwa akina mama wapokomo. Mtu akiasi au kuwakosea
wanawake, aidha sheria zao kuvunjwa hasa na waume, wanawake hujumuika kwa
kumlipiza kisasi kwa kumkwangura kwa makucha au koa za mtoni. Humwimbia nyimbo
za kumuapiza na kumlaani huku wakilia kwa mfano (Whendeni wake whendeni) na (Kahuddawia).<br /><br /><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u> </u></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Yavia</span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> <u><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></u></span></i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ni hali
ya kumtoa kipusa na kumkubali katika hali ya umama. Kwamba sasa ametosha kulea
mume na nyumba yenye watoto. Kwamba akubali pia kujihusisha na hali ya maisha
kwamba aliyekuoa amekuchongea. Nyimbo zake ni;( Unauke kauyawa kafungwa polwe
ddya kichwa).<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Sosobha</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ni
kibembeleza mwana. Mtoto anapolia aidha kulia kwa kumkosa mama mzazi, kulilia
njaa au maumivu, mkubwa wake humbembeleza. Ni kutokana na nyimbo ya aina hii
ambapo nchi ya Kenya imejipatia wimbo wa taifa. Mfano wa nyimbo hizo ni:</span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Woi woi mwano, wanyoko waime, waime mupunga, mupunga nde
wako, nde wako we kuddya, we kuddya unyamaiye njayoo!!( <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Oi! Mtoto nyamaza, ili wazazi</i> <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">walime,
ili walime mpunga, wewe unapenda sana kula mpunga,ukila tu, huwa unatosheka</i>).</span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
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table.MsoNormalTable
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mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mwana nyamaya mwana nyamayo, nyoko kenda pwanie, sowe kenda
pwanie! Na kuninyea na kunikojeeo.(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Wee
mtoto nyamaza, mamako alienda mtoni, babako alienda mtoni, wewe unanikunyia na
kunikojelea).</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mddondo mddondo, hayuno mwana kaiyaani njoo muuddye.
Mddondo ywangu kichwa na mukia.(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Mdudu
mdudu tafadhali, huyu hapa mtoto analia fika umtafune. Mdudu muhibu mwenye
kichwa na mkia).</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Bee mddondo be! Bee mddondo be! Akuddobbee ni naani, whende
hukawabbigge wantu wa makondeni mwezi uyawa ni naani? (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ee mdudu! Ee mdudu! Nani alokuchokoza, tuende tukawapige wantu wa
mashambani. Mbalamwezi ulitoka, ni nani?</i>).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Akiiyoiyo humudoma mikomani, naye kanamba nicheze. Kajjende
mwana, kajjende mwana naye njwa kiiyoiyo. Woi woiyee! Nyamaya kimye. Siiye
mwano, siiye mwana nunu, nyamaya kimi. Nyamayo, nyamaya mwana bee! Nyamayo,
nyamaya mwana bee kisasuzi. Kisasuzi mwana jjongoyoyo bee! (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Analia na tumemuokota kichakani, na
ananiambia nimuimbiye. Mtoto hanyamazi, na katu hatulii bado analia. Lo! Mungu
wangu. Mtoto anyamaze. Usililie tena, usilie mtoto mzuri. Nyamaza kimya.
Nyamaza kasha utulie tuli. Na ukitulia nitakufurahisha na nikupe kitu kizuri</i>)<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">.</i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Hayudde nkimo, hayudde nkima, hayudde nkimaa mkoshoro
karebbani kyambo (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Ndiye Yule tumbiri,
tumbiri mgiryama anasubiri chambo</i>).<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Nyalilo
</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">ni
mchezo wa watoto. Koko ya embe ilitobolewa na kuwekwa kamba katikati.
Inazungushwa koko hiyo na pindi ikivutwa huleta kasi fulani<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>na mlio tosha kuitwa mchezo.<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mpheru
</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">ni
mchezo wa watoto wa kupiga pia ya mti. Mti huchongwa kiasi na hutegemea aina ya
mti. Kibati kilichofungwa na mti kwa kamba hutumika kama usukani wa kuendesha
pia hiyo. Kila kinapotandikwa huvuma na kuleta mlio. Watoto wawili au zaidi
huvigonganisha vizuu hivyo na kinachozunguka na kizito kilichochongwa kwa usawa
huviangusha vingine dhaifu.<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Mphujju</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">
ni mchezo karibu sawa na mpheru wa kuzungusha pia. Tofauti ni kwamba, mpheru ni
kigongo cha mti wowote, huchongwa. Mphujju, ni mmea au mti maalumu unaoitwa
m’mphujju. Mti huo huzaa matunda aina ya mapera nayo huitwa mphujju. Tunda hilo
likikauka mbegu zake humwagika tunda likitobolewa katikati. Ni kama mpira
uutoboe juu na chini sawa sawa. Kijiti huchukuwa nafasi ya matundu yale mawili.
Kwa kutumia kijiti kilichojikunja cha upongoo kutoka kwa mkindu, kamba hufungwa
na ikizungushwa kwa kijiti cha tunda hili na kuachiliwa, tunda hucheza ngoma
nzuri sana hadi mwisho hupumzika. Ni mchezaji airudie kazi hiyo tena na tena.<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">Ggao
</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Arial Unicode MS";">au
saddyekka ni mchezo wa wazee wa kiume wakijitumbuiza barazani. Huu ni mchezo wa
bao na unachezwa katika jamii nyingi duniani. Hauna wimbo ispokuwa kufanyiana
mizaha kama vile kwenye karata, keramu<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>na drafu.</span></div>
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<o:RelyOnVML/>
<o:AllowPNG/>
<o:TargetScreenSize>800x600</o:TargetScreenSize>
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<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">NYIMBO
NA NGOMA:</span></u></b></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPjCTPpz96TU9sbrE2XSRQ4nrSNvDg1-C32zw7_LPLFe3_DRXb0cChbpZ02SZmCF093MXmphoVZ8Qtyz8ovK_I5DudTqztQBbSwrEg10tNdtFDfiGPgXsI0sqGfhPr6eDNGtrS8aQE4fY/s1600/2.2.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPjCTPpz96TU9sbrE2XSRQ4nrSNvDg1-C32zw7_LPLFe3_DRXb0cChbpZ02SZmCF093MXmphoVZ8Qtyz8ovK_I5DudTqztQBbSwrEg10tNdtFDfiGPgXsI0sqGfhPr6eDNGtrS8aQE4fY/s1600/2.2.png" height="320" width="282" /></a></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ngwili</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ni
nyimbo za ngoma kwa wanawake wa kipokomo mwanamke akizaa. Ngoma hii ala yake ni
debe tupu lenye kuleta makelele ili anayezaa asisikike sauti akilia kwa maumivu
hasa, anafichwa mtu mume asiijue siri ya uzazi unaumpata mkewe. Sauti ya hamasa
na kushajiisha wanawake wakutane kwa haraka ya, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Yee Wake! </i>Kisha nyimbo mfululizo pamoja na msukumo wa anayezaa,
huku wakimpiga na kumchuna. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">E kavyayo, ee
kavyayo!</i> Yaani, o! amejifungua. Huimbwa wakati wowote, usiku au mchana.<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></b></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Beni</span></i></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">huimbwa sana na wanawake wa
Kipokomo kwa ndugu wakristo. Ni ngozi iliyowambwa kwa pipa kubwa litoe mlio
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /><br /><br /><br /><br />Samai</span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> ni ngoma
ya kidini iliyoibuka katika tamasha za kuadhimisha siku ya kuzaliwa mtume
Muhammad. Ni gwaride la sarakasi katika kuendeleza maghani ya maulidi barzanji
na maulidi ya Kiswahili. Siku hizi, Samai imemea miguu na kuwa <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Zamuni</b>, yaani kwata. Kama kawaida vazi
la kanzu na kofia huvaliwa na vijana wakijumuika kando na wasichana wenye
buibui. Ala za muziki ni <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">ttwari, kigoma
na zumari. </i>Kwakuwa Mpokomo mwingi ni muislamu na amepakana na Mswahili,
dini imekuwa ni mila yake na tamaduni ya uislamu katika kuijenga elimu ya dini
na dunia alitumia ushairi, midundo na mahadhi ya kiislamu. Bila ya shaka hatuna
budi kuingiza mada hii katika kundi hili la ngoma hasa ikikumbukwa ya kwamba <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">ttwari </i><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>pia hutumia ngozi kama vile ngoma. Katika fani
hii, hata kama si mwanzilishi, Mpokomo amebobea na kukubuhu ujuzi mwingi wa
ngoma hii zaidi kuliko kabila yoyote Pwani.</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mtu huzaliwa na akawa mtu mkubwa. Akiwa njiani mtu hupitia
mambo kadha wa kadha kimaisha ili akubalike katika hadhi, tabaka na daraja
aliyonayo. Kwa mfano kijana hutahiriwa ili astiri uume wake huduma bora kwa
mkewe.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Kijana anapotahiriwa hupitia
daraja tofauti tofauti kule jandoni. Tohara (Ntinye) ni wakati wanapofanyiwa
kitendo na ambapo ni mwanzo wa ngoma, alafu Tohara (Riggi) wakati kijana
ashatahiriwa na mwisho ni Tohara (Lwebbe) kijana yuko tayari. Zipo nyimbo na
ngoma zake hapa: (Yarhigha na Mbele), (Lele Mwobbe) na (Usikile
Ubbaratte).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Miri </i></b>ndiyo ngoma
inayochezwa mchana kutwa na usiku kucha. Hujumuika wake kwa waume ili
kuwangojea vijana watoke jandoni na kuelekea makwao. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Njuga </i>za kutengenezwa na miyaa huundwa na kuvaliwa miguuni kwa
waume. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Nkanyiki, shanga, ngorosho na
kkone, </i>huvaliwa maungoni, kiunonu na shingoni. Mikononi wameshikilia <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">nchoncho </i>huku wamevalia ttama vichwani
mwao<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></i>Wanawake nao ni <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Vumba</i>
vichwani mwao, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">vichida</i> shingoni, <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hida </i>maungoni pamoja na shanga. Nyimbo
za mchezo wa <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Miri </i>ni nyingi, bali
sana ni (Jjabha Kayulelo)<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> </i></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gganga</span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ni aina ya ngoma ya Kipokomo
ichezwayo na wazee wakienda kurogga, wakitoa </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrNnnypdyZrqeI_D-tZLS7zCBhAI65xkI9u6WFaT1wXeW1lmUzeEgvg8zUVQQ1pzeZTnS6Ie4duwAkNTbm79wAXgxNRUKPLdVxNkvtJTVB2sQ9QglYy1cK3YYH5FyepJsVuwJy1-ps9rk/s1600/3.3.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrNnnypdyZrqeI_D-tZLS7zCBhAI65xkI9u6WFaT1wXeW1lmUzeEgvg8zUVQQ1pzeZTnS6Ie4duwAkNTbm79wAXgxNRUKPLdVxNkvtJTVB2sQ9QglYy1cK3YYH5FyepJsVuwJy1-ps9rk/s1600/3.3.png" height="197" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Times,"Times New Roman",serif;">huduma ya matibabu kutoa
jinni<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>(Kidumbwe)na kufurahikia. Kwa
mfano wanaimba: (Gganga mekuya). Hapa ni furaha na mchanganyiko wa huzuni kwa
wote. Gganga na Miri ni viungo tosha kwenye halmashauri ya serikali kuu ya
wazee wa Kipomomo zama zile, yaani <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Kijjo
na Waggangana. Washingo </i>huchezwa na watu wa kawaida kufurahikia jambo au
tukio Fulani.<br /><br /> Wanawake kwa waume wenye rika moja ndio washiriki. Usiku au
mchana ndio ngoma hunoga. Mfano wa nyimbo yake ni: (Muharia Ywangu).</span><br /><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kittoko</span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ni mchezo pia huchezwa wake kwa
waume sana kwa kufurahikia hali Fulani wakati maalumu kama vile baada ya kazi,
mavuno na arusini. Nyimbo kama (Mattolibi walonioza). </span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCx-yzNFkCXSxQo2PiZBvTueN7DjpMDAfK0KT2gkUKtnhxdFsj8XNd_fs7bxasYOliI24sFel_74SoVQXIjWe_Ubr2fvpznMFlzxPpwRT8-mW3rc3yE9tqqBvDsiLR09tzcVNHlhvCxxw/s1600/3.1.1.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCx-yzNFkCXSxQo2PiZBvTueN7DjpMDAfK0KT2gkUKtnhxdFsj8XNd_fs7bxasYOliI24sFel_74SoVQXIjWe_Ubr2fvpznMFlzxPpwRT8-mW3rc3yE9tqqBvDsiLR09tzcVNHlhvCxxw/s1600/3.1.1.png" height="222" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Ngoma hizi zote hapo juu hutumia ala aina ya ngoma kubwa,
ikiandamwa na kijigoma kidogo na kijidebe kilichogongwa na vijiti. Pembe au koa
hupulizwa kuletwa shangwe na vigelegele.<br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mwaribe</span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>huchezwa kwa ajili ya furaha vile vile usiku
au mchana. Ngoma aina ya sondo na pia <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">pilingwa,</i>
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">vumi </i>na <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">uttasha</i> ugongwao na vijiti hutumika. Mfano wa nyimbo iimbwayo
wakati huo ni: (Mboya si ddya kuhenda).<br /><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ttaireni</span></i></b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
</span></i><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">ni
ngoma ya mzuka au kutoa mapepo yaliyowakabili wagonjwa. Nyimbo aina hii ndizo
huimbwa: (Farasi Wangu Panda). Mgonjwa anaweza kuwa mke au mume. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Utasha, Vumi </i>na kijigoma ndizo hutumika.
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Wanawake wakijifungua (Ngia Nyumbani), hukaa ndani ya nyumba
kwa siku thelathini na tisa bila ya kutoka nje. Siku ya arubaini ni sherehe ya
kutoka (Yawa Nyumbani). Mchezo huu ni wa wanawake, tena wale waliopata bahati
ya kuzaa hata kama mtu amezaa kisha mtoto akafa hajazaa tena. Mfano wa nyimbo
zao ni (Hida Kiwaluwalu). Kidundu (Kikaha) ndicho kinachotumika kama ala ya
kuchezea ngoma. Ngoma ya aina hii ambayo kwa jumla ni ngoma ya akina mama
pekee, huitwa (<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Mea Wake</b>). Bali watu
wa jamii ya juu huita<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Kingika </i>(Wantua dzuu) na <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Kuphanga </i>(Milanchini).</span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">AINA YA
NGOMA:</span></u></b></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwaN3FiIi1plQxOIbqX5arynAxIs26BOkDWX7GoUfyrERN1zr67jzkfT5z8HuPqUjchjbWfeRwPqURHNO2O58DVMSZa6s4xs-gBaT6D3hyQhb5wN9go0GIky2ZpY3zg8apSfRGads0q-E/s1600/4.1.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwaN3FiIi1plQxOIbqX5arynAxIs26BOkDWX7GoUfyrERN1zr67jzkfT5z8HuPqUjchjbWfeRwPqURHNO2O58DVMSZa6s4xs-gBaT6D3hyQhb5wN9go0GIky2ZpY3zg8apSfRGads0q-E/s1600/4.1.png" height="238" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Wapokomo wako na ngoma nyingi nadhani kuliko kabila yeyote
nchini Kenya.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Ngoma hizi nyingi ni za
kuwambwa na ngozi aidha ya mnyama mwitu kama nyati, kuro, swara au mnyama wa
kufugwa kama mbhzi na ng’ombe. Mti maalumu kulingana na itikadi huchongwa kwa
namna Fulani ili kukidhi haja ya mchezo ule. Wakati<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>mwingine chuma hutumika endapo mti
ulikosekana kuchongwa kwani si kila mtu huchonga. Vipo vifaa vingine vingi
vinavyotumika kuunda ngoma. Vifaa vingine ni siri ya wazee wa Gassa. Hivi
ndivyo vifaa vingine: Ngoma mzuka, ngoma ttaireni, ngoma wggangana, mwaribe,
pilingwa, vumi, ttwari, beni, uttasha na kadhalika.</span></div>
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<!-- Blogger automated replacement: "https://images-blogger-opensocial.googleusercontent.com/gadgets/proxy?url=http%3A%2F%2F3.bp.blogspot.com%2F-8eo6BkE4z1M%2FU2dtDMReovI%2FAAAAAAAAAtE%2F0Hac73bjxYg%2Fs1600%2F5.1.png&container=blogger&gadget=a&rewriteMime=image%2F*" with "https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiguD0abIpvxQRrX0LOf1iH9PBYYxErUHs7xOxx5klDH11IxTim40Fm7FCrwUl6PTogLhqhzLEM0i0udNnvEfiRm03BKBcgxo0ZD79QlEmQi_4NWD42RsWnXoSESmip4tET0G_zwSEV3UE/s1600/5.1.png" -->Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-14269296917449576342014-03-13T09:06:00.002+03:002014-03-13T09:06:56.572+03:00Kikuyu Traditional Wedding (Ngurario)<div style="text-align: justify;">
This is the last ceremony of the kikuyu dowry. It is normally done by those couples who are already married though in rare case the groom might decide to visit the brides home and give it before the wedding takes place. The husband after staying with the wife for sometime and may be after the wife has given birth to some children will decide to perform this ceremony popularly known as ngurario or gutinia kiande. The husband accompanied by some friends and relatives makes a visit to the father in laws homestead so as to be told what items to bring before the ngurario day. The list will be read out as the secretary from the husband’s sides writes. These will include such things as </div>
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1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Young Goat (Mwati)</div>
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2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Sheep (Ngoima)</div>
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3.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Lady goat (Harika)</div>
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4.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Big sufuria (rurinja)</div>
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5.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Basin (basin ya mabati)</div>
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6.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>I dozen cups (ikombe cia mabati)</div>
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7.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Sword (njora)</div>
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8.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Blanket (murengeti)</div>
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9.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Two pairs of bedsheet for the father (macuka)</div>
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10.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Coat (kabuti) </div>
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11.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>One small sufuria with a handle (gathaburia kena munyito)</div>
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12.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Ten crates of sodas</div>
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13.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Five crates of beer (njohi) etc </div>
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14.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Lessos (marithu ma atumia)</div>
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15.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>I bag of sugar (ikunia ria cukari)</div>
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16.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Foods and drinks for that day</div>
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The husband then goes back home buys those things and once ready,he takes them.The goats is taken two days prior to the ngurario day. The men (wazees) from the wife’s side will then receive five goats and if not fat enough they can reject them or else ask for another one for fattening (kunoria). The husband goes back home to wait for the big day.</div>
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<b>Sending representatives to oversee the slaughtering of goats (<i>gutuma aira akuona mburi igithinjwo</i>)</b></div>
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During the actual day, the husband will send some representatives to check on how the goats will be slaughtered and since they were five, three of them will be slaughtered whereas the two will be kept for the father-in-law to be taking care of them so that he does not get bored; it is assumed. The sister to the wife will also wake up early to hide the knives that are to be used for slaughtering. Slaughters will look for the knives in vain only to realize they have been hidden. They will finally give the sister some money to release the knives (kumuthaitha). </div>
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<b>The entrance (<i>Kuhura hoti</i>)</b></div>
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When the visitors (mans side) arrive, they will find the gate to the in-laws homestead locked and they will </div>
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9cNksq0BfceqxtcNHDUeGoLRLSsLqFb5L4Ze2uHjHlw4MdpSvFtrUbUMg1Iraea3ltPkifNR4e2GlD3vRxSn-aEaSevDpmTqI9oKEw-zUJJEjWNcHgW8MxqAEekvI_T1ql597q-CX-HE/s1600/entarance+2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: justify;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9cNksq0BfceqxtcNHDUeGoLRLSsLqFb5L4Ze2uHjHlw4MdpSvFtrUbUMg1Iraea3ltPkifNR4e2GlD3vRxSn-aEaSevDpmTqI9oKEw-zUJJEjWNcHgW8MxqAEekvI_T1ql597q-CX-HE/s1600/entarance+2.jpg" /></a><br />
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start singing the traditional kikuyu songs for the gate to be opened. Through the songs they will inform their in-laws that they have arrived and kindly request them to open the gate for them. The women on the other side will respond by saying that they do not have the keys to the gate since their daughter disappeared with the keys when she was stolen by the husband on her way to buy milk at a nearby kiosk. The songs will continue and the wife's side will ask the husbands side to provide the keys which should be in form of money. After giving the money the gate is opened and the visitors are ushered in. </div>
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<b>Payment for relieving the shopping (<i>wauri</i>)</b></div>
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During the visit the visitors will have already done some shopping, these will include maize flour, wheat flour, sugar, rice soap, cooking oil, a bunch of bananas etc and by the time the gate is opened the visitors are</div>
already tired. In order for them to be relieve of those items, they will have to give some money which is called (wauri). This money will be given to ladies on the bride’s side so that they will share amongst themselves. The girl’s mother will not get anything from here since she will not be anywhere near the gate. It is assumed that the mother should be somewhere laboring to give birth to this girl.<br />
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<b>Selecting the wife from many ladies (<i>gucagura muka wake</i>)</b></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGM7iwlIRsVCezhLQ6Lh2t6PImoX1WPB6hH9c5BWEb5lkyAgpWK5RZb8MhdZcrz1t6GZLPD0KASwYgYfLnDvI2HliFxH34FWZwFWlZsxpKiNuJ7_im5gmC8txb0rVr_nu7jiPA5YmU2Mk/s1600/selecting+wife.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhGM7iwlIRsVCezhLQ6Lh2t6PImoX1WPB6hH9c5BWEb5lkyAgpWK5RZb8MhdZcrz1t6GZLPD0KASwYgYfLnDvI2HliFxH34FWZwFWlZsxpKiNuJ7_im5gmC8txb0rVr_nu7jiPA5YmU2Mk/s1600/selecting+wife.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Selecting wife from many ladies</i></td></tr>
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Once inside they are ushered to a tent whereby after the usual welcome food is served. Serving tables are cleared and the Actual occasion starts. Then a few ladies maybe fifteen enter the house, they are tied from head to toe with sheets (lessos) and then divide into three groups each comprising five. The first group is then called outside and the husband is asked to select his wife thereby being careful not to pick somebody else wife because there will be a penalty for that. In case the wife is not in the first lot, the second group is called and the husband does selection if wife not there the last group will be called and the husband will pick on his wife to the applaud of the congregation. Husband unties the lessos and then matches with her forward to the high table with a lot of jubilation (ngemi) from the crowd. </div>
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<b>Cutting the Shoulder (<i>Gutinia kiande</i>)</b></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn7E-2NTP_9SpbNSsEkvlmsHIcmeuxPqRYWRSu9lj01XsTgL3NFfiKI2X-ie7DpEOv_PclWzXUw6ehUCiM7TWATtq7CIBFvDul9fAXqi3HRVCxrzXQF5ZK5GMcttIPS0PJmo8D_bQ5BYE/s1600/Holding+the+Shoulder.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgn7E-2NTP_9SpbNSsEkvlmsHIcmeuxPqRYWRSu9lj01XsTgL3NFfiKI2X-ie7DpEOv_PclWzXUw6ehUCiM7TWATtq7CIBFvDul9fAXqi3HRVCxrzXQF5ZK5GMcttIPS0PJmo8D_bQ5BYE/s1600/Holding+the+Shoulder.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Cutting the Shoulder</td></tr>
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The wife and the husband will change to the kikuyu traditional attire and the master of ceremony for cutting the shoulder might also change or not depending on whether he is a professional. The shoulder to be cut is then put on a traditional basin and placed on the table for all to see. The Mc will then ask the husband to cut the shoulder and he will be assisted by the wife who will hold it. Once he succeds in cutting it the Mc will tell him in front of the crowd that even if the wife gives birth to a child even if not belonging to the husband, he will take care of that child. The husband will answer in the affirmative though not happy while doing so</div>
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<b>Eating the ears (<i>Kuria matu</i>)</b> </div>
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The husband will also be asked to give the wife some ears from the slaughtered goat to eat and while eating</div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicRduiMNO9xvtcEB421q_uG-bv68aIkmSOQSGsEQZqrqbQWBOwXJDXbYZvFQpLoJ2dQBNJ3GYrGuczzlkPseqY2roIHAWUPv_QfFB8DC71elc1WGxd_sDe-FvwP5dlYFBgLs5qiqZ2r9o/s1600/eating+the+ear.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicRduiMNO9xvtcEB421q_uG-bv68aIkmSOQSGsEQZqrqbQWBOwXJDXbYZvFQpLoJ2dQBNJ3GYrGuczzlkPseqY2roIHAWUPv_QfFB8DC71elc1WGxd_sDe-FvwP5dlYFBgLs5qiqZ2r9o/s1600/eating+the+ear.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Eating the ears</i></td></tr>
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he will ask her to eat them so that she will have ears to hear him whenever he calls her. Likewise the wife will do the same to the husband. Other women who happens to be agemates of the wife will also eat ears together with the wife so that they will be reminded of the importance of listening to their husbands.</div>
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<b><br />Taking porridge (<i>gukundania ucuru</i>)</b></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifBKU919PxSJxao1kNdZiBdThLGqDPc25Sw-PYIhcbSlPhc_M0J2BQrSXRbbC0k67R2Kzzd578AIQ-8Xf-SkjRTUUH21AJYdsDtgqP-hDiuz2XReuvsQyFNdxfEEpDNO3j8eh_B3r3czw/s1600/taking+porridge+1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifBKU919PxSJxao1kNdZiBdThLGqDPc25Sw-PYIhcbSlPhc_M0J2BQrSXRbbC0k67R2Kzzd578AIQ-8Xf-SkjRTUUH21AJYdsDtgqP-hDiuz2XReuvsQyFNdxfEEpDNO3j8eh_B3r3czw/s1600/taking+porridge+1.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Wife giving husband Porridge</i></td></tr>
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Once through, the next step will be to give the husband porridge (gukundio ucuru). About five men accompanied by their wives will be called upon to come and sit at the front chairs so that they will also be given porridge by their wives. Here the wife will first polish the husband’s shoes, comb his hair, cut his nails and then wrap him a towel at the front to act as a baby feeder all through trying to soothe him so that he may accept taking the porridge that will be given by the wife. Porridge will then be put in a calabash by the maids who will then hand it over to the wife to feed the husband. In most cases the husband will refuse to take it and twist the neck to face the other side. Here the wife will most likely give him a present so that he agrees to take the porridge. All this time the wife is holding it.<br /></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBtHEI7I_V2Vf7XTjXtnhVm2Q3vRHs-gVymkesc8sSLWWFKHQ5HCxM2kAgd_oIvrvccjPCyJF3OwesLF-09rBdAje8TVsolSFDO150wxERW9Hkkr2ZGVmDZoSvSEDmlqw15MobfoEHPlA/s1600/uji1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBtHEI7I_V2Vf7XTjXtnhVm2Q3vRHs-gVymkesc8sSLWWFKHQ5HCxM2kAgd_oIvrvccjPCyJF3OwesLF-09rBdAje8TVsolSFDO150wxERW9Hkkr2ZGVmDZoSvSEDmlqw15MobfoEHPlA/s1600/uji1.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: justify;"><i><span style="font-size: x-small;">wrapping husband with a towel</span></i></span></td></tr>
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Once he agrees to take it the other five men follow suit and they are also fed by their wives. From there other guest will take the porridge. On the process while visitors are still taking the porridge some people from both sides will enter the house to go and give some dowry which will mark the end of the dowry even though in Kikuyu we normally say uthoni nduthiraga (dowry is never finished). This is because if as a</div>
husband you are blessed you will continue giving or else assisting your in-laws even though you know too well that what you were meant to give for dowry you have already given.<br />
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The grooms parents then fixes a day when they will visit the brides home and both parents agrees on the day. The grooms side will cater for all the expenses i.e food and drinks. The visitors from the grooms side visits the boma (homestead) from where after the usual welcome food will be served. </div>
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<b>Certification of kikuyu wedding (<i>Kuheo certificate ya kuguraria</i>)</b></div>
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<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKHq0t6fawe35cmD-mIUc9xiV2oU1xEyT6wXUmQ2Vh6y92tLKnmkgDZAAE-5-4qgwbQSGVnqIFlVZ4ovzEiUMQ5U7RiIYXfXIyYDQ1GOijSojfTTkKUhLwJbcoXGMrDliW5196CPED9Mw/s1600/certificate.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKHq0t6fawe35cmD-mIUc9xiV2oU1xEyT6wXUmQ2Vh6y92tLKnmkgDZAAE-5-4qgwbQSGVnqIFlVZ4ovzEiUMQ5U7RiIYXfXIyYDQ1GOijSojfTTkKUhLwJbcoXGMrDliW5196CPED9Mw/s1600/certificate.jpg" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i>Kikuyu Certificate</i></td></tr>
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Immediately after cutting the shoulder the mc will then call upon the couple and give them the certificate which he will read out the number and announce that the girl has been married in a kikuyu traditional wedding and no man should dare joke with her.</div>
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<b>Giving dowry (<i>kuingira kuracia</i>)</b></div>
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Later, some close family members of both parties will be shown a separate place where they will negotiate and give the dowry. Once inside the house the mc from the girls side will ask the visitors to introduce themselves and say the reason as tto why they have come visiting. The Mc will answer by saying that they got a flower from this home and it has proved to be alright no wonder we are coming back. The visitors will then be asked to give what they have and after giving will also give money for beer, sodas for women as well as lessos. They will also be asked to produce the towel for dusting the sodas and also an opener (gikunuro na opener),all this should be in form of cash. </div>
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The master of ceremony from the brides side will then call the girl and ask her if her father should accept that beer (njohi) and soda and after agreeing (ngemi) will be said which will be three for the girl. All will be given the sodas to share and lessos will also be left for ladies to share amongst themselves. The visitors will be given back a crate of beer as a sign of appreciation (gucokia guoko). after all is said and done guests leave at their leisure.</div>
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Story Prepared By:</div>
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<b>Grace Mwangi, Librarian;Institute of Primate Research</b></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-79289268258449754832014-03-01T12:07:00.000+03:002014-03-01T12:07:52.112+03:00Luo Cultural Beliefs ‘Kweche Mag Luo’<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>BELIEFS</b></div>
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The Luo tribe had very many beliefs and in all their beliefs the only remedy was the usage of different herbs ‘Manyasi’. For instance, it was a taboo for a daughter-in-law to enter the bedroom of the mother-in-law. If this happened, there was a herb used for bathing and drinking to avoid any calamity.</div>
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<b>PLANTING ‘<i>KOMO OR GOLO KODHI</i>’</b></div>
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During planting ‘komo’ or ‘golo kodhi’ it was a taboo for young people to plant before the elders of the home (their fathers). The older people would plant first then followed by the young generation. If this happened then herbs ‘manyasi’ was used and chicken slaughtered for cleansing the person and the home.</div>
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<b>HARVESTING ‘<i>KEYO</i>'</b></div>
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The daughter-in-law waited for the mother-in-law to harvest ‘keyo’ first and fulfill some to-do rituals before she can harvest ‘keyo’. Failure to do so, the herbs ‘manyasi’ was used for the cleansing to avoid a taboo ‘chira’. The mother-in-law and the father-in-law were to be the first to eat the maize or millet from the harvest ‘keyo’ before any other person to avoid a taboo ‘chira’ in the family. If any of the elderly persons was not alive or present the one who is left would do it. Without the two it was done only by an older member of the family.</div>
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<b>MOVING FROM YOUR FATHER’S HOME ‘<i>GOYO DALA OR LIGALA</i>’</b></div>
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‘Goyo dala’: The first son was to move before the other sons. This was done in a very traditional manner. The man and his son were to sleep in the new home and chicken was to be slaughtered. It was difficult for this ceremony to happen without the son from the first wife. Luos used to marry many wives those days. During this occasion there were special herbs ‘manyasi’ that were taken.</div>
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<b>CEREMONY AFTER BURIAL ‘<i>YWEYO LIEL</i>’ </b></div>
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This was done depending on the sex of the person who has passed away. If it was a man of the home people were to sleep outside the home for 4 days and if it was the mother 3 days. After those days each member of the family was to be shaved using razor blade and then herbs ‘manyasi’ were taken for cleansing.</div>
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<b>BEATING THE HUSBAND USING UNDERWEAR ‘<i>GOYO CHUORI GI SIRUARU</i>’</b></div>
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When fighting with the husband, a luo wife was not supposed to beat the husband using her underwear. When such happened they would not be together as a man and wife untill they take the herbs ‘manyasi’ that was special for that.</div>
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•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>In the community there were many herbs ‘manyasi’ used for treatment of diseases and cleansing of rituals e.g. Dyschoriste radicans – ‘Ratek-min-Angasa’ (in dholuo)</div>
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•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Toddalis asiatica – ‘Nyalwet—kwadu’</div>
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•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Calvatia (Lycoperdacaceae) – ‘Obuoch-Juok’</div>
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•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Mystroxyton aethiopicum – ‘ododo’</div>
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•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Amaranthus ( Amaranthaceae) – ‘ong’ong’o’</div>
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•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Sclerocarya birrea – ‘yaga’</div>
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•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Kigela Africana – ‘amoyo’ </div>
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•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Cleome gynadra and many more plants were used.<br />
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Some of these believes are still being practiced by a few people but use of herbs will never stop as long as the community exists/lives on.</div>
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<b style="text-align: justify;">Story Prepared By:</b><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Monica Ageng’o, Librarian (Herbarium – Nmk)</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-52686373424923599832014-03-01T11:43:00.000+03:002014-03-01T11:46:36.335+03:00Importance Of Chicken ‘Gweno’ In TraditionsChicken ‘<i>Gweno</i>’ (in Dholuo) is the considered as a special food among the Luo community. In the community, chicken was slaughtered during occasions such as:<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Marriage ‘Nyombo’<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Funerals ‘Liel’<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>For special visitors ‘Welo mogen’<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Home coming ‘Duogo dala’<br />
<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>•<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Moving from the parents home to one’s home ‘Golo dala' and many other ceremonies.<br />
<br />
<b>Preparation of chicken ‘<i>Chinjo gweno</i>’</b><br />
Chicken slaughtering was done at the backyard by the man of the home. In his absence members of the household would do it (i.e. the sons). Women would only slaughter chicken in the absence of men.<br />
<br />
The slaughtered chicken would be dipped in hot water to make the removal of feathers easier. After removal of the feathers the chicken was roasted on the fire place or placed on three stones used for cooking until it turns brown.<br />
<br />
The now featherless chicken would be apportioned into 7 or 8 pieces according to the occasions e.g. during marriage ‘<i>nyombo</i>’. In other occasions, apportioning of chicken ‘ng’ado gweno’ was done in the normal way, either by men or women depending on who was available at that time.<br />
<br />
The apportioned pieces were placed in a pot, water and salt added then it was let to boil. In the old days the frying of food was not done, oil from milk was used. The oil was added to the boiling water and it was left boil till tender and ready for eating.<br />
<br />
<b>Marriage occasions ‘<i>Nyombo</i>’</b><br />
The chicken was apportioned into big sizes of 4 or 5 parts. Some parts were removed like gizzard, intestines and liver whereas parts like the head and feet were kept aside.<br />
The son-in-law was served with special parts of the chicken and he was the one to eat before other visitors. This was so done to enable other sons-in-law to take chicken in their in-laws homes.<br />
<br />
<b>Funeral occasions ‘<i>Liel</i>’ </b><br />
During funerals chicken was slaughtered for the visitors i.e. in-laws from both sides. There was also a special chicken which was slaughtered and eaten by the elders of the clan for cleansing ceremony of the dead person. The ceremony was only for older men.<br />
<br />
<b>Special visitors ‘<i>Ruako welo mogen</i>’</b><br />
Luos as a community are very welcoming and proud people. In the event of a visit by a respectable person then chicken together with brown ugali would be served to the visitors.<br />
<br />
<b>Home coming ‘<i>Duogo dala</i>’</b><br />
Chicken was slaughtered during the home coming of a son who migrated near home or went on a journey in a far land and he is finally home. This happens even today though sons and daughters get the same privileges since the girls are nowadays allowed to eat chicken, as opposed to the earlier days.<br />
<br />
Cultural beliefs (Myths) <br />
Traditionally, chicken was food for men only. Women and girls were not allowed to eat chicken.<br />
Nowadays chicken is eaten by all members of the family. Chicken used to be slaughtered for important visitors and during most of the celebrations or occasions but nowadays it may be taken just as a family meal.<br />
<br />
Luos generally love chicken and this explains why in most of the homes chicken is kept.<br />
<br />
<b>Story Prepared By:</b><br />
Monica Ageng’o, Librarian (Herbarium Nmk<br />
<div>
<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-51832639355219908002014-03-01T11:02:00.001+03:002014-03-01T11:02:23.202+03:00Omurembe (Red Hot Poker Tree): - Traditional Belief Among the Luhya<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<u><span lang="EN-GB"><b>INTRODUCTION</b><o:p></o:p></span></u></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%;"><b><i>Omurembe</i></b> is traditionally a Medicinal Plant Found in Western Kenya and
Nyanza. The story is about Omurembe in local language of Luhya, sub-tribe from
(KISA) Western Kenya<br /></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-GB">COMMERCIAL USAGE:<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The local Luhya people used Omurembe
in various ways, i.e. making of the Isukuti, the famous Luhya drum was curved
from the trunk and this was sold to the local music makers for entertaining
people during festivals, football activities, wrestling and even funeral
activities to make people cheer up.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Boats/Canoes were also curved from
bigger trunks and given that the trunks are also to remain afloat on water. The
curved product encouraged cross river transportation within the local peoples,
fishing industry and was promoted within the locals which boosted their income,
especially those living along the rivers like Nzoia and River Yala where
navigation was applicable.<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-GB">USAGE OF OMUREMBE AS MEDICINE<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">It was used to cure mumps in both
children and adults alike from the community(s) residing around. The Luo also
used the tree as a cure for similar diseases.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Activities carried out during
curation included: The concerned patient would wake up very early in the
morning around 5.00a.m, and walk to the site of the (<b><i>Omurembe</i></b>) tree; and one must
carry along a piece of slept-over ugali known as (<i><b>Obuchieni</b></i>) or in Kiswahili ‘Kiporo’
once at the site, the affected person would be required to go run round the
tree singing and eating the slept-over ugali ‘<i><b>Obuchieni</b></i>’ at the same time for
the remedy to be effective.<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The song would go like this:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span lang="EN-GB">Tsindeindei wera khu murembe (mumps remain
on Red Hot Poker Tree)<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span lang="EN-GB">Tsindeindei wera khu murembe (mumps remain on
Red Hot Poker Tree)<o:p></o:p></span></i></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><i><span lang="EN-GB">Tsindeindei wera khu murembe (mumps remain on Red Hot Poker
Tree)<br /></span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">This exercise is repeated until one
feels relieved, and then they would leave the site quietly and go home without
uttering a word nor without looking behind until you reach the House/home.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">The remedy would take like two days
before they Mumps disappear.<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<b><u><span lang="EN-GB">THE SAME TREE WAS USED TO KEEP PETTY THIEVES AWAY (Home Guard)<br /></span></u></b><span style="line-height: 150%;">If there was a notorious petty thief
fond of stealing other people’s goods/items, money etc., the affected person
would get a twig/branch from ‘</span><b style="line-height: 150%;"><i>Omurembe</i></b><span style="line-height: 150%;">’ tree/plant, then would strike the twig
on the spot where the stolen item was lying or had been placed before the act,
after a day or two, the thief would complain of stomach swelling/headaches and
then the thief would come out to reveal the act of stealing.</span><span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 150%;">Traditionally the thief would then be
required to compensate the affected owner before the remedy can be administered
by medicinal Man to reverse the situation. Failure to do that, the suspected
thief would easily die from that act. If the thief agrees to compensate the
owner then the tree was then uprooted with all its roots.</span><span style="line-height: 150%;"> </span><span style="line-height: 150%;">This vice at that time contributed to near
extinction of the tree where this was practice i.e. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB">Western and Nyanza regions.
This act kept people away from unnecessary theft activities in society for fear
of what would befall them. However, in the recent past, one would walk far and
wide without finding this tree that was very common. It is sad to say that this
plant that was common in parts of Western and Nyanza is near extinction. One
can walk far and wide without coming across this tree. In other words this
should be declared endangered species. Where it can be found it should be
preserved for indigenous knowledge for the future generation to learn from the
past.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%;"><b>Story Prepared by: </b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; text-align: justify;">
<span style="line-height: 150%;">John Amulaku, </span><span style="line-height: 150%;">Librarian
– </span><span style="line-height: 150%;">NMK Main Library</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-88567827785196509132014-02-28T12:29:00.001+03:002014-02-28T12:29:39.066+03:00MUTHOKOI: A KAMBA DELICACY <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibF65In1RXzjuL1aPVzY2-_hhKKPifxUkv4He_SHe__ielrFsZ441iH5oe0SZyBr_ghuaIdTFMcrSUb2dT-PFebkhwrsW9QBqY8vtxAV1l31uFoumWZDmGEpQGSRMl9ZNUODqLfwGYhOo/s1600/IMG-20140228-WA0003.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibF65In1RXzjuL1aPVzY2-_hhKKPifxUkv4He_SHe__ielrFsZ441iH5oe0SZyBr_ghuaIdTFMcrSUb2dT-PFebkhwrsW9QBqY8vtxAV1l31uFoumWZDmGEpQGSRMl9ZNUODqLfwGYhOo/s1600/IMG-20140228-WA0003.jpg" height="178" width="200" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Nzele</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Introduction.</b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
Muthokoi (maize without husks) is
a dish among the Kamba community from the Eastern part of Kenya. It entails
removing the outer skin of the maize grains by using a pestle ‘<b>muthi’</b> and a wooden mortar ‘<b>ndii’.</b></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b>Pounding – ‘kukima
mbemba’ </b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
The traditional way of making muthokoi was done as follows :-</div>
<br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Dry maize was taken from the granary ‘<b>ikumbi</b>’ and put in a large half calabash ‘<b>nzele’</b> or a plaited tray used for sifting ‘<b>lungo’</b>. To sieve the dirt from the maize a second large calabash
was used; while standing where wind was
blowing .<o:p></o:p></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHNJH_UOKAUGpIUoa4NrwzF6FJohKu1vzWHrCPIxWuIOhfl6GeRC5SGpkQ32ecGKyQ21wqBrX4DdgAQkPmkz_cgtsL7T5A444ORXltGU8DZWPZ6c8aHKpb8nyEi-z8n1GEBBZceE55o5w/s1600/IMG-20140228-WA0001.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHNJH_UOKAUGpIUoa4NrwzF6FJohKu1vzWHrCPIxWuIOhfl6GeRC5SGpkQ32ecGKyQ21wqBrX4DdgAQkPmkz_cgtsL7T5A444ORXltGU8DZWPZ6c8aHKpb8nyEi-z8n1GEBBZceE55o5w/s1600/IMG-20140228-WA0001.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Ndii and Muthi</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The maize was then put in a mortar ‘<b>ndii’</b>, some water was added to soften it then a wooden pestle ‘<b>muthi’</b> was used to do the pounding. The
pounding can take about one hour; sometimes it’s done by two people at the same
time to make it faster. As the pounding continues, the maize starts drying and
more water is added until the husks are completely removed from the grains <o:p></o:p>Once the pounding <b>‘kukima
mbemba’ </b>is over, the maize is removed from the mortar ‘<b>ndii’</b>and poured on a sack and left to dry in the sun. After drying,
it is placed in a large half calabash and the sieving process is done again by
using two half calabashes ‘<b>nzele’.</b>
It should be noted that for the muthokoi to cook nicely all the outer skin of
the maize <b>(makole)</b> must be removed
by sieving against the wind. <br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
Once this is over, the grains are separated by
selecting carefully the split ones from the whole ones, then the split ones are
put aside and are called ‘<b>nzenga’.<br /> </b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
The
split maize ‘nzenga’ can be cooked as rice. The de-husked grains are the ones
cooked as muthokoi.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A large family will need two to three poundings to cater for
everyone. This meal can be taken as lunch, supper and the leftovers can be used
during breakfast the following morning with yorghurt ‘<b>yiia ikaatu’.<br /><br /><o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><u>Cooking.<o:p></o:p></u></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsv9fadmou6ldQ0DGQPIgyS85gutE8NHMby8xF2TCN0-ixGCPZTFhYQSepYEQYZFw1LAbVDyFACPLiAAUgUXJZGZ1WUPF1JIA_a0FmcAXtcB6QbSBIESb_lFHbw7kwgBSJo7y37b5yFlM/s1600/IMG-20140228-WA0000.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: justify;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhsv9fadmou6ldQ0DGQPIgyS85gutE8NHMby8xF2TCN0-ixGCPZTFhYQSepYEQYZFw1LAbVDyFACPLiAAUgUXJZGZ1WUPF1JIA_a0FmcAXtcB6QbSBIESb_lFHbw7kwgBSJo7y37b5yFlM/s1600/IMG-20140228-WA0000.jpg" height="200" width="171" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Mbisu</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
In a clay pot ‘<b>mbisu’ </b>put your muthokoi, add beans ‘<b>mboso</b>’, cowpeas ‘<b>nthooko</b>’,
pidgeon peas <b>‘nzuu’ </b>or any other legumes<b> </b>and
add some water. Using the traditional fireplace; a three stone fireplace ‘<b>yiiko ya ngu’ </b>light up the fire and
place the pot on the three stones. Let it cook for about 2 – 3 hours. As it
cooks, keep adding more water. When it is about to stick at the bottom of the
pot, add more firewood, lest the fire ebbs out. When thoroughly cooked, drain
out excess water ‘<b>kithoi</b>’ by tilting
the pot a bit. This is called ‘<b>kukeluka
mbisu’.</b> The excess water ‘kithoi ‘ is
very nutritious. It is usually given to babies. One can also use it to add onto
the already served meal if it becomes dry. At this juncture one can opt to add
pumpkins ‘<b>malenge’</b>or ‘<b>mongu</b>’ a species of pumpkin plant, then
mash using a big wooden spoon <b>‘mwiko’. </b><o:p></o:p>During our ancestors’ time, there was no salt, so
some soil called (<b>kithaayo)</b> which
was collected from the river was mixed with water and sieved. The result was a salty liquid which was added
to the muthokoi meal. The serving was done on a half calabash then ghee ‘<b>mauta ma ngombe’</b> was added to make it
tasty or delicious. Spoons carved out of a guard ‘<b>kikuu’</b> were used for eating
or one could use their bare hands to eat.<br /></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpFirst">
<b><u>Preservation<o:p></o:p></u></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div class="MsoNormalCxSpMiddle">
For preservation, the muthokoi was wrapped in
banana leaves and put in another half calabash ‘<b>uwa’</b> then placed on a wooden rack which was and is still used for
drying utensils <b>‘utaa’.</b> It could
last for almost a week without going bad. Nowadays, the process of shelling the
maize is done by machines in urban towns but in the rural areas the traditional
method is still being used. People have modernized the cooking by frying it using/adding
the following ingredients:<o:p></o:p></div>
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal">Tomatoes<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal">Onions<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal">Garlic<o:p></o:p></li>
<li class="MsoNormal">Coriander leaves and other
spices.<o:p></o:p></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Muthokoi was mainly cooked during traditional weddings or
during bride price negotiations ‘<b>ngasya’</b>
to feed the visitors. Families could also cook it in absence of any occasions.
In some areas in Ukambani, it is still used
as the cost of living has tremendously shot up and most families substitute
it for rice which has become expensive for many households from the rural areas.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><b>Story Prepared by:</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">Josephine
Nzuki,</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"> Librarian
NMK-Main Library</span></div>
</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-11008733486145517322014-02-27T11:06:00.000+03:002014-02-27T11:18:17.908+03:00‘MUTURA’ DELICACY AMONG THE KIKUYU OF CENTRAL KENYA <div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><br /></span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Definition:</span></b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Mutura is a popular sausage-like
delicacy among the Kikuyu tribe of Central Kenya which is prepared by stuffing
the large intestines of either a goat or a cow with a mixture of ingredients.
It is sometimes referred to as the ‘African sausage’.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">
<o:p></o:p></span>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Ingredients: </span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">The ingredients used in preparing
this delicacy include minced meat and blood from the slaughtered animal, leafy
onions, pepper and salt to taste.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">
<o:p></o:p></span>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Preparation: </span></b></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">The preparation of ‘mutura’
begins when the animal is being slaughtered. The spilling blood is collected in
a calabash or a sufuria and kept aside. Some little salt is added to the blood
to prevent it from clotting.</span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">
<o:p></o:p></span>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">After
the animal has been skinned and the various parts separated, the mutura expert
meticulously separates the large intestines (mutura) from the small intestines
(mara). There are two large intestines in the animal. The wider and shorter of
the two is known as <b><i>‘mutura wa kiboroboro’</i></b> and is very easy to and fast stuff while
the narrower and longer one which is also believed to be sweeter is known as <i><b>‘mutura
wa kageri’</b></i> and is a little difficult and time consuming to stuff. The two large
intestines are then kept aside to await the preparation of the stuffing mixture.<br /><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtH_ItYYnP3K1DDeDu4caQHitJLpCjq5CXHKpv31537JVYCNCylT5NzzPSOLK16PQY5J8W-Tm4E5glM1lltDP3syhNrelOrU8zNTEJsE5Q0dKREVLJr0l0EgXsbuUlZvO9QJjDerVkwzY/s1600/Mutura+stuffing+process.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtH_ItYYnP3K1DDeDu4caQHitJLpCjq5CXHKpv31537JVYCNCylT5NzzPSOLK16PQY5J8W-Tm4E5glM1lltDP3syhNrelOrU8zNTEJsE5Q0dKREVLJr0l0EgXsbuUlZvO9QJjDerVkwzY/s1600/Mutura+stuffing+process.jpg" height="219" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The
expert then goes to the various limbs of the slaughtered animal mostly the neck
(<i><b>ngingo</b></i>), the lower parts of the ribs (<b><i>hutiro</i></b>) as well as the back (<b><i>mugongo</i></b>) and
other unpopular parts like the lungs (<b><i>mahuri</i></b>) e.t.c., from which he is able to gather enough pieces of meat to stuff the ‘mutura’. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">The meat
to be stuffed inside the ‘mutura’ requires chopping into very small pieces for
it to go through the opening. In the traditional Kikuyu society unlike today
there were no meat mincing machines and so to chop the meat into small pieces
almost to the size of the minced meat of today, the expert used a sharp panga
and a tree stump (<b><i>gitiri</i></b>). This is still in use today as ‘mutura’ prepared
using this method of chopping is believed to be sweeter than that made from
machine-minced meat. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The
expert places the pieces of meat onto the tree stump and by hitting the meat
against the stump using the sharp edge of the panga, the meat is chopped into
very small pieces which can easily get through the ‘mutura’ during stuffing. <o:p></o:p></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">The
chopped meat is then put into a sufuria with a little water and salt and cooked
until soft and tender. Some leafy onions and pepper to taste are added to the
meat and allowed to cook together for a few minutes.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Once the mixture is well cooked, it is removed
from the fire and the raw blood which had been kept aside during slaughtering
is now added and mixed thoroughly.</span></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<div style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; text-align: left;">
<span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">The mixture is now ready for stuffing into the ‘mutura’.
The expert identifies the wider opening of the large intestines (mutura) which
he had kept aside earlier and starts the process of slowly stuffing it with the
mixture. He has to be careful because if he forces the mixture quickly into the
intestines it can rapture and mess the delicacy, he ensures that with every
little stuffing he adds a little fluid mainly the blood which was added to the
mixture so that everything moves smoothly. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPjoGfmWAlhz59_20gEkjBCeM9R9AOaPSIKDAZj3dUg5TiVImVy4izauX4fNqRcnEo-yj7wwtYocp1botTllExFT0vySKYjwQK83i3W_2Why5O8qsjtJOxVBrO6MdI1VbGO2QTu0EIosM/s1600/mutura.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPjoGfmWAlhz59_20gEkjBCeM9R9AOaPSIKDAZj3dUg5TiVImVy4izauX4fNqRcnEo-yj7wwtYocp1botTllExFT0vySKYjwQK83i3W_2Why5O8qsjtJOxVBrO6MdI1VbGO2QTu0EIosM/s1600/mutura.jpg" /></a><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"></span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">He should also not squeeze too much </span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">of
the mixture into the ‘mutura’ since if it is too full, it will rapture during
roasting. The stuffing must be done when the mixture is still hot because when
it gets cold stuffing and squeezing in becomes more difficult and the’ mutura’ can
easily rapture.</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"> </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">
</span>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">After he
has finished with the stuffing, the’ mutura’ can either be roasted directly on
the charcoal oven or it can first be put into the boiling soup where the head
and the lower legs (<i><b>mathagiro</b></i>) are cooking. </span></span></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">
</span><br />
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">Boiling it for a few minutes allows
the raw blood to cook and hold together the mixture so that it </span><span style="font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px;">doesn't</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"> disintegrate during the slicing of the ‘mutura’ when serving. </span></span></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;">Other people
however prefer to see the red blood as they eat hence they roast without
boiling. It is also possible to prepare ‘mutura’ without any blood at all for
those people who are not comfortable consuming blood.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">The ‘mutura’
is then placed on a roasting charcoal oven with very little fire where it is
turned over and over until it is golden brown. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><b>Prepared By</b>: </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 15px; line-height: 16.866666793823242px;">Anthony Chege, Librarian NMK</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-no-proof: yes;"><v:shapetype coordsize="21600,21600" filled="f" id="_x0000_t75" o:preferrelative="t" o:spt="75" path="m@4@5l@4@11@9@11@9@5xe" stroked="f">
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<v:imagedata o:title="Mutura" src="file:///C:\Users\BLACKS\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image001.jpg"></v:imagedata></v:shape></span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-42868852297958347632014-02-26T17:49:00.000+03:002014-02-26T17:50:39.683+03:00KUMBEKUMBE HARVESTING IN THE WESTERN PART OF KENYA – KAKAMEGA COUNTY<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmS1kojsciezwGunGbPnqaRaj77TEtZAb0SdXGpxvpUr4cpYw859mf0vLy8l8FhZMwgpbg3P35Ug6bRqBi1tGHDzaaSY3Rq5WqV72vChDrbEWnHF21hFHzr-Rtx4RE6QCVmkSUKxewx0A/s1600/Kumbe+kumbe.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjmS1kojsciezwGunGbPnqaRaj77TEtZAb0SdXGpxvpUr4cpYw859mf0vLy8l8FhZMwgpbg3P35Ug6bRqBi1tGHDzaaSY3Rq5WqV72vChDrbEWnHF21hFHzr-Rtx4RE6QCVmkSUKxewx0A/s1600/Kumbe+kumbe.jpg" height="185" width="320" /></span></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><div align="center" class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Chiswa
chisisi<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Scientific name – Termitoidae <o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Local name - </span></i><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Chiswa chisisi<o:p></o:p></span></i></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Swahili name - kumbekumbe<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">For
many people in Western Province, the termite season always brings with it
smiles over the hope of uninterrupted supply of natural delicacy. For most of
them, they have to wake up as early as 2am to fetch the insects that are mostly
found on ant hills or form up in holes that are scratched with a stick before
you find more than two termites in a hole or sometimes one.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Termite
business has turned out to be a success for many as a small cup of termites
goes for more than twenty shillings depending on the size of the cup. Most
parents and children consume the insects and are supplemented with free
proteins that would cost them if they were to go for meat, chicken or any other
form of protein.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Western
Province residents who know the importance of the insects would do anything to
get them at any cost of sacrificing their sleep in exchange of the </span><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">insects
and some would consume raw while others would fry and munch them with ugali or
plain.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">There
are different types of termites with each type having its own name among <i>Bamasaaba</i> people of Western and Eastern
Uganda. To start with we have <b><i>chiswa
chisisi</i></b> which are blackish in colour and the smallest in size. These
ones are mostly seen during the rainy season from about 2pm to 4pm in the
months of September to December. Early in the morning women and children
collect three short sticks which are used to invite the termites. Sticks are
beaten, this is to sound like rain and because termites emerge when it begins
to rain, they all come trooping out during the day.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFgoa12YQ7UFX0P-WRwS4d1qXYKju9ZF1zAK0e7-GihyphenhyphenN-0d-zGHzH3YAiHtnnm16mUoH4I4m7xV33MHeP5Hl1YJ2ber-pUo2wrSQME0HMowOHQMl8U75ENt5l62v4UfY53_Go3KVUMek/s1600/gg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhFgoa12YQ7UFX0P-WRwS4d1qXYKju9ZF1zAK0e7-GihyphenhyphenN-0d-zGHzH3YAiHtnnm16mUoH4I4m7xV33MHeP5Hl1YJ2ber-pUo2wrSQME0HMowOHQMl8U75ENt5l62v4UfY53_Go3KVUMek/s1600/gg.jpg" height="185" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Normally,
<i>Bamasaaba</i> people erect a small tent <i>(siswa)</i> which they cover with
blankets leaving an opening that leads to a special hole dug at the opening
where termites will slide into then they are collected. The special hole is
called <b><i>efubo </i></b>which has banana
leaves inside and at the entrance where termites slide and fall into the hole.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Another
group of termites is called <b><i>Chinunda</i></b>
which are brownish in colour and mostly comes out from 5 pm in the evening
common in the months of December to February. There is also a group called <b><i>Kamabuli</i></b><i> </i>that are common
in the months of December to February that appear late in the evening from 6pm
to 7pm. They are blackish in colour and usually take a very short time after
they start coming out. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><b style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><i>Kamakhubwe</i></b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">
are brownish in colour and appear after the season for </span><b style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><i>kamabuli</i> </b><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;">although they are not eaten. </span></span></div>
<br /><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"></span>
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">
<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p></o:p></span></span>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Chimome</span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%;"> are blackish in colour
and normally come out when it is raining, commonly in the months of June to
October. <b><i>Chindawa</i></b> termites
are blackish in colour and also appear when it is raining, are common in the
months of April-May</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Kamaresi </span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">are dark brown in colour,
the biggest in size and normally appear at night. This season as from April to
June is for <b><i>kamaresi</i></b><i> </i>that
people capture at night. They are attracted to the light and that is how <i>Bamasaaba</i>
people get them using light. <b><i>Kamaswakhe</i></b>
are blackish in colour and also appear at night.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Chingalabuwe</span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"> termite species are
common in the months of September to November and are Brownish in colour. <b><i>Kamaachichi</i></b><i> </i>are common in
April to May and their appearance resembles wasps and they are blackish in
colour. They appear mostly at around nine to eleven in the morning.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">
<b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">Bikeke</span></i></b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"> </span></i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">are
blackish in colour and are associated with some species of termites. <b><i>Bisiabubu</i></b><a href="https://www.blogger.com/null" name="_GoBack"></a><i>
</i>usually appear in the month of April and are usually small, black and
whitish in colour. They are not eaten among <i>Bamasaaba</i> people because it
is believed one would become deaf if he eats them.</span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><br /></span></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-GB; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;"><b>Prepared By:</b></span></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">Emmy Makokha</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">Librarian, Kitale Museum</span></div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-88417716864382729792014-01-16T14:01:00.000+03:002014-01-16T14:01:15.760+03:00MJADALA "UTAMU WA KISWAHILI"<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0Swahili Cultural Centre, Mombasa, Kenya-4.0644764 39.68011469999999-29.5865109 -1.6284793000000093 21.4575581 80.988708699999989tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-2627455963227402422014-01-13T12:45:00.003+03:002014-01-15T13:50:20.451+03:00Rabai Cultural Festival 26th Oct 2013 <iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="344" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/OENvJc74AqY" width="459"></iframe>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0Mombasa, Kenya-4.0434771 39.6682065-4.2969051 39.345482999999994 -3.7900490999999996 39.99093tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-76903067101329811592014-01-13T12:45:00.001+03:002014-02-27T15:51:35.779+03:00KOMBO CHOKWE INTERVIEW DURING THE RABAI CULTURAL FESTIVAL 26TH OCT 2013<iframe allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0" height="344" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/c2_xqY8k26c" width="459"></iframe>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-88926364272782650782013-12-11T17:05:00.000+03:002013-12-11T17:05:21.868+03:00 THE SWAHILI HAT (KOFIA YA ZITO) AND UDDY (OLD SWAHILI AIR FRESHENER)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm_fReCitRNxjdRLm-tb6Buz-QEe3aEDiWeaPoZ4zIfHr-N-HWa0NN6gotXJg7ut0mN6sds7GoydobzAoB9Aq1Bnvhh0vVLEvTyR-iNZ-PV7qnafNPmsrHHZkq_7gPjHob9u9OEeD0qqY/s1600/1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm_fReCitRNxjdRLm-tb6Buz-QEe3aEDiWeaPoZ4zIfHr-N-HWa0NN6gotXJg7ut0mN6sds7GoydobzAoB9Aq1Bnvhh0vVLEvTyR-iNZ-PV7qnafNPmsrHHZkq_7gPjHob9u9OEeD0qqY/s1600/1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><br /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm_fReCitRNxjdRLm-tb6Buz-QEe3aEDiWeaPoZ4zIfHr-N-HWa0NN6gotXJg7ut0mN6sds7GoydobzAoB9Aq1Bnvhh0vVLEvTyR-iNZ-PV7qnafNPmsrHHZkq_7gPjHob9u9OEeD0qqY/s1600/1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjm_fReCitRNxjdRLm-tb6Buz-QEe3aEDiWeaPoZ4zIfHr-N-HWa0NN6gotXJg7ut0mN6sds7GoydobzAoB9Aq1Bnvhh0vVLEvTyR-iNZ-PV7qnafNPmsrHHZkq_7gPjHob9u9OEeD0qqY/s1600/1.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><b>The
Swahili hat </b></span></div>
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The Swahili hat is a kind of hat worn by men of all age, in
Lamu is called Kofia ya zito because the flowers are very small. The flowers are done in a form of embroidery
by using hand with a small needle.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Different Islamic countries in the world have different
designs of hats, the Arabia countries make the embroidery work using machine.</div>
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<o:p></o:p></div>
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Every hat has a name, people can identify the kinds of hats
by names.<o:p></o:p></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; text-align: right;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3S6kJv2DkRUPmaj2_V40lbU7XSjMpVLosNvj8CkUvFd1ds8JVd5L7XSY4x0zlubqiI_i8ueIPX26Z42ubE3wRYpOMgNY4ITeW_euMsrgx3W0bWjTU8pg89Ocbm1LJFIFWwE9QmM40QPM/s1600/2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh3S6kJv2DkRUPmaj2_V40lbU7XSjMpVLosNvj8CkUvFd1ds8JVd5L7XSY4x0zlubqiI_i8ueIPX26Z42ubE3wRYpOMgNY4ITeW_euMsrgx3W0bWjTU8pg89Ocbm1LJFIFWwE9QmM40QPM/s1600/2.jpg" height="246" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="color: red;">Example of Kofia</span></span></b></td></tr>
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<b>Uddy (Old Swahili Air
freshener)<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5rYAbNJiVTiv-BeRxg_ZkhuxikLF3v2fthVmhzYQBF89AFe5dspFEXbUvGNINswxI7U8Ho7_6QO5JjW5j8iNQ7WPNXypqCBV9PaeirE5G_YeBuf86ZLLHSOqw81uPqk27PIaag6V6IWU/s1600/3.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5rYAbNJiVTiv-BeRxg_ZkhuxikLF3v2fthVmhzYQBF89AFe5dspFEXbUvGNINswxI7U8Ho7_6QO5JjW5j8iNQ7WPNXypqCBV9PaeirE5G_YeBuf86ZLLHSOqw81uPqk27PIaag6V6IWU/s1600/3.jpg" height="226" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="color: red;">Small sticks are uddy</span></td></tr>
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Uddy is the old Swahili air freshener; it was used to give fresh perfume air in the house, to perfume the cloths and hair
for women. <o:p></o:p></div>
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Uddy is used by both men and women (married). Prophet
Mohammad (S.W) used uddy to perfume his cloths and also during prayers. Uddy
became sunna to Muslims because it was used by the Prophet Muhammad (S.W). </div>
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It is not only used by the Swahili but also by all the
Muslims in the world.<o:p></o:p></div>
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Different countries have different ways of making Uddy, but
the uses are the same. Uddy is a solid perfume substance that is burnt to
produce perfumed smock, the perfume smock is then used to perfume the cloths.</div>
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<b><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">PREPARED BY <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">KHADIJA ISSA TWAHIR<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b><span style="line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-size: 9.0pt;">LAMU FORT LIBRARY<o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1097685828889613477.post-33840747493520338692013-12-10T18:12:00.000+03:002013-12-10T18:12:35.254+03:00 ABALUHYA VIAGRA (OMUGOMBERA)<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><i><span style="color: red;">The Abaluhya Viagra</span></i></b></div>
<div style="text-align: left;">
<b><i><span style="color: red;"><br /></span></i></b></div>
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> <span lang="EN-GB">Scientific name- <i>Mondia whytei<o:p></o:p></i></span></span></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Omugombera
–Local Name<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mondia Whytei –
Scientific Name<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;">African White Ginger
– Common Name<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
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<i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></i></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mondia whytei</span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
is an aromatic plant of the<i> <b>Periplocacea family</b></i>. It is a woody
climber with large tuberous root stock which is widely distributed in Tropical
Africa. In Kenya it’s mainly found in the Equatorial rainforest of Kakamega
(the only of its kind in East and Central Africa). Their leaves are large, soft
hairy and take the shape of the heart. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: left; margin-right: 1em; text-align: left;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfgGpXQTtMXOb2bAzuZEGzeuWPS-IvHkQqeO0135hPlj3lqBlnU-XD04PD7WNaae8kIYRw9WqP9BUKCZ4_jMBCJYoVkbgWhx9MpVnCYjXMz4-CdR7DhBLVgegnLAvX1698NX-y46PJNHM/s1600/flowering+mondia+whytei.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfgGpXQTtMXOb2bAzuZEGzeuWPS-IvHkQqeO0135hPlj3lqBlnU-XD04PD7WNaae8kIYRw9WqP9BUKCZ4_jMBCJYoVkbgWhx9MpVnCYjXMz4-CdR7DhBLVgegnLAvX1698NX-y46PJNHM/s1600/flowering+mondia+whytei.jpg" height="254" width="320" /></a></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The roots are yellow and strongly aromatic which
exude white latex. The roots may spread out just beneath the ground surface
covering large areas. The fleshy bark of the narrow root is eaten as an
appetizer when raw or occasionally in the dried state because of its good
taste. It freshens the mouth and others chew it for pleasure. At first, the
roots tastes </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%;">rather hot and bitter later it tastes sweet, leaving a persistent
spicy taste in the mouth which is easily recognized.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Various plants have been used in folk medicines of
different cultures to treat male infertility problem. </span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Some of them have been
identified pharmacologically, allowing for understanding of their mechanisms of
action but most of these plants have not been scientifically investigated in
order to test and substantiate their claimed properties. <b><i>Omugombera</i></b> has been used
as a traditional cure for male infertility problems for a very long time,
unlike other medicinal plants used for the treatment of male infertility.</span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">The roots are traditionally used as either aphrodisiacs
or for the treatment of urinary tract infection, jaundice and headache while
the whole plant is used in the treatment of diarrhoea. Men eat the barks or
drink the aqueous extract of<i><b> mondia whytei</b></i> to help increase potency in order to
allow erection to occur. It acts the same way Sildenafil (Viagra) drug acts
which is an oral drug for men with erectile dysfunction which produces
satisfactory erections and improves sexual satisfaction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"></span></div>
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<b><i><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Mondia Whytei</span></i></b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">
has been reported to have the ability to increase testosterone production or
relax Corpus Cavernosum tissue, but by also enhancing human sperm function. It
also causes profuse urination when used as a way of removing toxics in the
body. Apart from men, culturally it is believed women use it to help in the
contraction of the womb after delivery. Before one sets out to perform a
difficult task, the roots are chewed for good luck. Above all, it is a major
income earner to most youth in the Western part of Kenya who sells the
drug/food to other regions of the country. Research has shown that, there is
enough scientific evidence supporting the use of <b><i>Mondia Whytei</i></b> as an
aphrodisiac and testimonies from people who have used the plant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><br /></span></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Contributor:
Emmy Makokha, </span></b></div>
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<b><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"> Librarian </span></b><b style="line-height: 150%;"><span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;">Kitale Museum</span></b></div>
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<span lang="EN-GB" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 150%;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"></td></tr>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12219466968632452419noreply@blogger.com0